Gender inequality in early initiation of breastfeeding in Bangladesh: a trend analysis

Sen, Kanchan Kumar; Mallick, Taslim Sazzad; Bari, Wasimul

doi:10.1186/s13006-020-00259-y

International Breastfeeding Journal

Table 2 The prevalence of EIBF for both male and female newborns over the survey years

From: Gender inequality in early initiation of breastfeeding in Bangladesh: a trend analysis

Percentage of EIBF
Background Characteristics	Male				Female				Overall	p-value
Background Characteristics	2004	2007	2011	2014	2004	2007	2011	2014	Overall	p-value
Survey Time
2004									25.07
2007									42.67	< 0.001
2011									47.02
2014									51.24
Gender of Newborn
Male	25.53	43.63	47.74	49.58					41.97	0.297
Female					24.60	41.66	46.25	52.67	41.27
Maternal Age at Birth
< 20	25.96	46.98	49.35	48.50	26.09	40.92	48.38	56.68	42.97
20–30	25.45	41.90	47.25	50.56	24.79	43.49	46.63	50.83	41.71	0.001
30+	25.06	44.50	46.91	49.83	21.39	36.09	40.47	52.57	38.85
Area of Residence
Urban	25.62	40.48	46.17	45.03	23.91	42.91	43.21	49.42	39.85	< 0.001
Rural	25.49	45.50	48.48	52.19	24.93	41.02	47.63	54.24	42.49
Parent’s Education
Both uneducated	22.19	43.99	48.44	51.28	21.49	42.11	47.42	56.00	39.85
Father/Mother educated	27.31	44.83	49.49	54.75	24.91	41.91	49.42	56.37	44.48	< 0.001
Both educated	31.40	42.22	45.64	45.65	30.91	40.75	42.48	47.21	41.82
Birth Order
First	26.11	41.41	45.40	47.94	27.18	39.14	45.71	50.06	41.46
Second/Third	26.69	44.50	50.41	51.24	25.71	43.12	47.62	53.76	43.26	< 0.001
Forth/Higher	23.05	44.91	45.78	50.96	20.38	42.19	43.89	57.09	38.39
Wanted Index Child
Yes	26.90	43.46	47.55	49.53	25.64	42.43	46.66	52.80	42.14	< 0.001
No	17.84	44.56	49.04	52.97	18.86	37.43	43.79	51.57	38.39
Place of Delivery
Health Facility	29.80	40.97	39.66	39.19	28.15	39.27	38.29	41.86	37.26	< 0.001
Home	23.22	45.60	51.06	57.46	22.73	43.26	49.39	59.48	44.01
Mode of Delivery
Normal	25.62	45.25	51.54	56.28	24.65	43.59	50.03	59.71	43.81	< 0.001
Caesarean	22.95	29.64	28.76	31.13	22.74	22.27	25.14	29.16	27.74
ANC Visits
No	21.11	44.53	47.36	54.17	20.77	40.16	48.03	54.50	39.27	< 0.001
Yes	28.79	43.08	47.92	49.73	27.26	42.65	45.36	52.18	42.83
Wealth Index
Poor	21.99	44.50	48.02	53.79	18.62	42.97	47.79	55.62	41.66
Average	24.13	45.51	52.97	50.71	25.38	41.89	47.71	55.74	43.51	0.013
Rich	29.88	42.08	45.00	45.78	29.73	40.31	44.06	48.31	40.74
Exposure of Media
No	23.35	45.53	45.57	53.62	18.34	38.67	47.14	54.33	41.70	0.898
Yes	26.51	42.54	48.86	47.76	27.25	43.36	45.78	51.75	41.61
Division
Barisal	21.38	47.06	48.85	52.55	23.39	43.55	48.96	52.99	42.60
Chittagong	22.66	34.73	46.28	41.32	19.38	33.05	42.79	51.20	36.54
Dhaka	21.89	41.77	43.98	50.12	20.81	43.63	39.65	46.28	37.66	< 0.001
Khulna	24.23	45.26	42.66	41.76	24.43	44.53	39.91	45.67	37.75
Rajshahi	29.00	45.82	50.36	53.61	30.33	39.95	51.08	56.40	45.73
Sylhet	37.24	50.75	52.47	58.66	32.45	51.32	53.46	61.30	50.35

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