Table 1 Distribution of sociodemographic characteristics and other covariates of the study
Maternal socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of EIBF | ||
|---|---|---|
Variables | Sub-groups | n (%) |
Nationality | Non-Saudi | 29 (5.6%) |
Saudi | 490 (94.4%) | |
Age (years) | < 25 | 67 (12.9%) |
25–35 | 336 (64.7%) | |
> 35 | 116 (22.4%) | |
Job | Housewife | 416 (80.2%) |
Student | 20 (3.9%) | |
Paid job | 83 (16.0%) | |
Education | Non-formal | 14 (2.7%) |
Intermediate | 37 (7.1%) | |
Primary | 38 (7.3%) | |
Secondary | 162 (31.2%) | |
University | 263 (50.7%) | |
Postgraduate | 5 (1.0%) | |
Marital Status | Married | 518 (99.8%) |
Widowed | 1 (0.2%) | |
Knowledge of early initiation of breastfeeding* | Doesn’t know when to initiate breastfeeding | 168 (32.4%) |
Knows when to initiate breastfeeding | 343 (66.1%) | |
Paternal socio-demographic characteristics | ||
Variables | Sub-groups | n (%) |
Age (years) | 20–30 | 77 (14.8%) |
30–40 | 306 (59.0%) | |
40–50 | 108 (20.8%) | |
50–60 | 23 (4.4%) | |
> 60 | 5 (1.0%) | |
Education | Non-formal | 13 (2.5%) |
Intermediate | 22 (4.2%) | |
Primary | 18 (3.5%) | |
Secondary | 215 (41.4%) | |
University | 242 (46.6%) | |
Postgraduate | 9 (1.7%) | |
Household characteristics | ||
Variables | Sub-groups | n (%) |
Income | < 6000 SAR [< 1600 USD] | 115 (22.2%) |
6000–10,000 SAR [1600– 2666 USD] | 166 (32.0%) | |
10,000–15,000 SAR [2666– 4000USD] | 198 (38.2%) | |
15,000–20,000 SAR [4000 − 5333 USD] | 37 (7.1%) | |
20,000–30,000 SAR [5333– 8000 USD] | 3 (0.6%) | |
Residency | Rural | 73 (14.1%) |
Urban | 446 (85.9%) | |
Family Support for breastfeeding** | No | 32 (6.2%) |
Yes | 339 (65.3%) | |
Antenatal experiences | ||
Variables | Sub-groups | n (%) |
Attended antenatal visit | No | 13 (2.5%) |
Yes | 506 (97.5%) | |
Antenatal education about breastfeeding | No | 413 (79.6%) |
Yes | 106 (20.4%) | |
Maternal reproductive / breastfeeding history, mode of delivery and newborn’s sex | ||
Variables | Sub-groups | n (%) |
Parity | Multiparous | 398 (76.7%) |
Primiparous | 121 (23.3%) | |
Age of the previous child (years) | 1–2 | 122 (23.5%) |
3-5 | 181 (34.9%) | |
> 5 | 95 (18.3%) | |
No child | 121 (23.3%) | |
Mother has previous breastfeeding experience*** | No | 40 (7.7%) |
No child | 121 (23.3%) | |
Yes | 356 (68.6%) | |
Mode of delivery | Cesarean section | 244 (47.0%) |
Vaginal | 275 (53.0%) | |
Sex of baby | Female | 244 (47.0%) |
Male | 275 (53.0%) | |
Postnatal care practices | ||
Variables | Sub-groups | n (%) |
Encouragement to practice EIBF | No | 383 (73.8%) |
Yes | 136 (26.2%) | |
Provision of help in positioning baby for EIBF | No | 443 (85.4%) |
Yes | 76 (14.6%) | |
Skin-to-skin contact after delivery | No | 257 (49.5%) |
Yes | 262 (50.5%) | |
24-hour rooming-in | No | 43 (8.3%) |
Yes | 476 (91.7%) | |