Table 4 Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Gozamin district, northwest Ethiopia (n = 478)
Variables | Exclusive breastfeeding | Crude Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (%) No (%) | ||||
Maternal age (in years) | ||||
  ≤ 24 | 72 (81.8) | 16 (18.2) | 1 | 1 |
 25–29 | 155 (78.3) | 43 (21.7) | 0.80 (0.42, 1.52) | 0.87 (0.44, 1.73) |
 30–34 | 88 (68.8) | 40 (31.2) | 0.49 (0.25, 0.94) | 0.52 (0.26, 1.06) |
  ≥ 35 | 43 (67.2) | 21 (32.8) | 0.46 (0.21, 0.97) | 0.57 (0.25,1.27) |
Marital status | ||||
 Married/in union | 317 (75.3) | 104 (24.7) | 1 | 1 |
 Single | 41 (71.9) | 16 (28.1) | 0.84 (0.45, 1.56) | 0.81 (0.38,1.74) |
Maternal education | ||||
 No education & Informal | 62 (68.1) | 29 (31.9) | 1 | 1 |
 Primary education | 70 (78.7) | 19 (21.3) | 1.72 (0.88, 3.37) | 1.41 (0.65, 3.05) |
 Secondary education | 110 (78.0) | 31 (22.0) | 1.66 (0.92, 3.01) | 0.93 (0.45, 1.91) |
 Certificate and above | 116 (73.9) | 41 (26.1) | 1.29 (0.73, 2.27) | 0.76 (0.33, 1.77) |
Husband’ education | ||||
 Informal education | 59 (67.0) | 29 (33.0) | 1 | 1 |
 Primary education | 56 (80.0) | 14 (20.0) | 1.97 (0.94, 4.10) | 1.55 (0.64, 3.77) |
 Secondary education | 91 (79.1) | 24 (20.9) | 1.86 (0.9, 3.01) | 1.23 (0.50, 3.02) |
 Certificate and above | 152 (74.1) | 53 (25.9) | 1.32 (0.75, 2.33) | 1.02 (0.41, 2.56) |
Maternal occupation | ||||
 House wife | 180 (72.6) | 68 (27.4) | 1 | 1 |
 Government employee | 75 (70.8) | 31 (29.2) | 0.91 (0.55, 1.51) | 0.49 (0.26, 0.94)* |
 Private work | 103 (83.1) | 21 (16.9) | 1.85 (1.07, 3.20) | 1.69 (0.95, 2.99) |
Monthly family income (in Birr) | ||||
  ≤ 650 | 53 (69.7) | 23 (30.3) | 1 | 1 |
 651–1400 | 60 (69.0) | 27 (31.0) | 0.96 (0.49,1.90) | 0.91 (0.44,1.86) |
 1401–2350 | 83 (70.6) | 20 (19.4) | 1.80 (0.90, 3.59) | 1.93 (0.92,4.03) |
 2351–3550 | 60 (74.1) | 21 (25.9) | 1.24 (0.62, 2.49) | 1.22 (0.57,2.58) |
  ≥ 3551 | 102 (77.9) | 29 (22.1) | 1.53 (0.80, 2.89) | 2.15 (0.98, 4.72) |
Antenatal care | ||||
 Yes | 341 (74.8) | 109 (24.2) | 1 | 1 |
 No | 17 (60.7) | 11 (39.3) | 0.49 (0.23, 1.09) | 0.65 (0.27, 1.56) |
BF counseling during ANC | ||||
 Yes | 253 (76.0) | 80 (24.0) | 1 | 1 |
 No | 105 (72.4) | 40 (27.6) | 0.83 (0.53, 1.29) | 0.90 (0.52, 1.55) |
Place of delivery | ||||
 Home | 26 (49.1) | 27 (50.9) | 1 | 1 |
 Government hospital | 243 (75.7) | 78 (24.3) | 3.23 (1.78, 5.87) | 2.01 (1.02, 3.94)* |
 Health center, post | 89 (85.6) | 15 (14.4) | 6.16 (2.86, 13–28) | 4.56 (2.01, 10.37)* |
Mode of delivery | ||||
 Cesarean section | 34 (85.0) | 6 (15.0) | 1.99 (0.82,4.87) | 2.02 (0.79, 5.16) |
 Vaginal | 324 (74.0) | 114 (26.0) | 1 | 1 |
BF counseling after delivery | ||||
 Yes | 290 (79.5) | 75 (20.5) | 1 |  |
 No | 68 (60.2) | 45 (39.8) | 0.39 (0.25, 0.60) | 0.43 (0.25, 0.72)* |
Maternal HIV status | ||||
 Positive | 21 (77.8) | 6 (22.2) | 1.18 (0.47, 3.01) | 1.08 (0.37, 3.14) |
 Negative | 337 (74.7) | 114 (25.3) | 1 | 1 |
Breastfeeding experience | ||||
 Yes | 194 (71.1) | 79 (28.9) | 1 | 1 |
 No | 164 (80.0) | 41 (20.0) | 1.63 (1.06, 2.51) | 1.26 (0.76, 2.09) |