| HIV-positive | HIV-negative | p valueh | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social-demographic factors | n | No (%) | n | No (%) | Â |
Mother's age in yearsa | 662 | 25 (21-29) | 217 | 23 (19-28) | 0.003 |
More than 7 yrs (primary school) education | 647 | 369 (57.0) | 213 | 133 (62.44) | 0.28 |
Married | 665 | 116 (17.4) | 218 | 42 (19.3) | 0.54 |
Household income (ZAR/month) a | 553 | 700 (400-1200) | 172 | 910 (640-1600) | < 0.0001 |
Socio-economic scorea,c | 640 | -0.298 (-1.6-1.4) | 213 | 0.273 (-1.6-1.97) | 0.08 |
Ever disclosed HIV status | 665 | 275 (41.4) | 218 | 9 (4.1) | < 0.0001 |
Discussed infant feeding with someone other than health staff | 648 | 186 (28.7) | 216 | 71 (32.9) | 0.25 |
Knew about MTCT in general | 528 | 419 (79.4) | 197 | 159 (80.7) | 0.69 |
Knew about MTCT though breastfeeding | 661 | 454 (68.7) | 215 | 158 (73.5) | 0.18 |
Site | 665 | Â | 218 | Â | Â |
   Paarl |  | 149 (22.4) |  | 51 (23.4) |  |
Rietvlei | Â | 191 (28.7) | Â | 74 (33.9) | Â |
Umlazi | Â | 325 (48.9) | Â | 93 (42.7) | Â |
Health system factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Counseling scorea,d, h | 663 | 24 (9-28) | 215 | 0 (-4-0) | Â |
Medical factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Log viral load b,e | 553 | 3.75 (0.7) | Â | Â | Â |
No. ANC visits a | 655 | 5 (3-8) | 213 | 5 (3-7) | Â |
Pregnancy complicationsf | 665 | 211 (31.7) | 218 | 68 (31.2) | 0.88 |
Post-partum complicationsg | 665 | 145 (21.8) | 218 | 33 (15.1) | 0.03 |
Type of delivery | 658 | Â | 218 | Â | 0.60 |
   Vaginal |  | 455 (69.2) |  | 149 (68.4) |  |
   Elective C/S |  | 73 (11.1) |  | 23 (10.6) |  |
   Emergency C/S |  | 130 (19.8) |  | 46 (21.1) |  |
Infant factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Nevirapine to baby | 609 | 596 (97.9) | Â | Â | Â |
Baby's birth weight (g) | 651 | 3016 (547) | 211 | 3088 (527) | 0.15 |
Infant feeding | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Feeding intention antenatally | 653 | Â | 210 | Â | < 0.0001 |
Exclusive formula feeding | Â | 309 (47.3) | Â | 19 (9.0) | Â |
Exclusive breastfeeding | Â | 313 (47.9) | Â | 142 (67.6) | Â |
Mixed breastfeeding | Â | 28 (4.3) | Â | 49 (23.3) | Â |