Initiation of breastfeeding within 120 minutes after birth is associated with breastfeeding at four months among Japanese women: A self-administered questionnaire survey

Table 3 Characteristics of mothers, babies and deliveries and the proportion of first breastfeed within 30 minutes and within 120 minutes

Characteristics	n	Within 30 minutes (%)	More than 30 minutes	p value	Within 120 Minutes (%)	More than 120 minutes	p value
Total	318	115(36.2)	203(63.8)		181(56.9)	137(43.1)
Mother's age (years)
18–24	43	12(27.9)	31(72.1)	0.590^a	24(55.8)	19(44.2)	0.994^a
25–29	123	44(35.8)	79(64.2)		70(56.9)	53(43.1)
30–34	106	40(37.7)	66(62.3)		60(56.6)	46(43.4)
35–41	46	19(41.3)	27(58.7)		27(58.7)	19(41.3)
Baby's gender
Male	155	58(37.4)	97(62.6)	0.649^a	90(58.1)	65(41.9)	0.687^a
Female	163	57(35.0)	106(65.0)		91(55.8)	72(44.2)
Parity
First	146	51(34.9)	95(65.1)	0.439^b	82(56.1)	64(43.8)	0.985^b
Second	138	50(36.2)	88(53.8)		80(58.0)	58(42.0)
Third or more	34	14(41.2)	20(58.8)		19(55.9)	15(44.1)
Gestational age (weeks)
36 or less	21	3(14.3)	18(85.7)	0.031^a	4(19.1)	17(80.9)	<0.001^a
37 or more	297	112(37.7)	185(62.3)		177(59.6)	120(40.4)
Method of delivery
Non-caesarean section	263	113(43.0)	150(57.0)	<0.001^a	176(66.9)	87(33.1)	<0.001^a
Caesarean section	55	2(3.6)	53(96.4)		5(9.0)	50(91.0)
Bleeding at delivery
Less than 500 ml	213	92(43.2)	121(56.8)	<0.001^c	138(64.8)	75(35.2)	<0.001^c
500 ml or more	85	15(17.6)	70(82.4)		31 (36.5)	54(63.5)
Unknown	20	8(40.0)	12(60.0)		12(60.0)	8(40.0)
Early skin-to-skin contact
Contact	64	32(50.0)	32(50.0)	0.005^c	45(70.3)	19(29.7)	0.010^c
No contact	245	76(31.0)	169(69.0)		128(51.0)	117(47.8)
Unknown	9	7(77.8)	2(22.2)		8(88.9)	1(11.1)
Supplementation (sugar water or formula)
Supplemented	116	25(21.6)	91(78.4)	<0.001^c	46(39.7)	70(60.3)	<0.001^c
Non supplemented	133	77(57.9)	56(42.1)		107(80.5)	26(19.5)
Unknown	69	13(18.8)	56(81.2)		28(40.6)	41(59.4)

^a Chi-square test; ^b Cochran-Armitage test; ^c chi-square test excluding unknown

ISSN: 1746-4358