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Table 4 Logistic regression in women with CHD, dependent variable: non-breastfeeding two days after birth

From: Breastfeeding in primiparous women with congenital heart disease − a register study

Variable

Univariable logistic regression

Multivariable logistic regression

Initial model, including n = 492 (85%)

Final model, including n = 531 (92%)

Wald

OR

95% CI

p-value

Wald

OR

95% CI

p-value

Wald

OR

95% CI

p-value

Higher age

0.1

1.0

0.9, 1.1

0.82

        

≤12 years of education

2.8

1.9

0.9, 3.9

0.094

0.6

1.4

0.6, 3.1

0.43

    

Living alone

0.1

1.4

0.2, 11.2

0.75

        

Tobacco use in early pregnancy

0.1

0.8

0.1, 6.0

0.81

        

BMI ≥ 30

12.7

4.0

1.8, 8.7

< 0.001

5.0

2.8

1.1, 7.1

0.026

7.2

3.1

1.4, 7.3

0.008

Self-reported history of psychiatric illness

8.6

2.8

1.4, 5.6

0.003

4.9

2.4

1.1, 5.3

0.027

5.5

2.4

1.2, 5.1

0.019

Hypertension prior to pregnancy

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.99

        

Hypothyroidism

1.3

2.1

0.6, 7.2

0.26

        

Pre-eclampsia

0.8

1.7

0.5, 6.0

0.39

        

Induced labour

0.0

1.0

0.5, 2.1

0.97

        

Vacuum extraction/forceps

0.6

0.6

0.1, 2.4

0.427

        

Caesarean section

0.1

1.1

0.5, 2.5

0.77

        

Postpartum haemorrhage > 1000mL

0.3

0.7

0.2, 2.5

0.61

        

Perineal trauma III & IV

0.0

0.8

0.1, 6.4

0.86

        

Preterm birth

17.0

7.5

2.9, 19.4

< 0.001

8.7

5.7

1.8, 18.3

0.003

10.9

6.4

2.1, 19.0

< 0.001

SGA

9.3

4.5

1.7, 11.9

0.002

7.9

4.7

1.6, 14.0

0.005

6.8

4.2

1.4, 12.2

0.009

Moderate & severe complexity

2.1

1.7

0.8, 3.3

0.15

        

NYHA class II-III

5.1

5.1

1.2, 21.1

0.024

5.5

5.9

1.4, 26.0

0.019

5.6

6.0

1.4, 26.7

0.019

Symptomatic heart disease

0.1

0.8

0.2, 3.4

0.73

        

Cardiovascular medication

0.2

1.3

0.4, 4.8

0.66

        
  1. BMI Body mass index, CHD Congenital heart disease, CI Confidence interval, n Number, NYHA New York Heart Association, OR Odds ratio, SD Standard deviation, SGA Small for gestational age
  2. Univariable and multivariable regression analysis including variables with p-value < 0.1 from univariable logistic regression analysis; Continuous variable: higher age; Nagelkerke R square 0.18; Bold highlighting denotes p-value < 0.05