Table 2 Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool (CCAT) scores outlining the quality appraisal of included papers
First author & year | Reviewer | Preliminaries supporting text | Introduction supporting text | Design supporting text | Sampling supporting text | Data collection supporting text | Ethical matters supporting text | Results supporting text | Discussion supporting text | CCAT average score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baerug 2018 [43] | R4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 31.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | (78.75%) |
Chamberlain 2017 [44] | R4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 34.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 4 | (86.25%) |
Chertok 2016 [45] | R4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 27.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | (68.75%) |
Cordero 2013 [46] | R4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 28/40 |
| Â | R2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | (70%) |
Doughty 2018 [47] | R4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 33.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | (83.75%) |
Griffin 2021 [48] | R1 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 32/40 |
| Â | R2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | (80%) |
Haile 2016 [49] | R3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 28/40 |
| Â | R2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | (70%) |
Jagiello 2015 [50] | R3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 30.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 5 | (76.25%) |
Kachoria 2014 [51] | R3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 34/40 |
| Â | R2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | (85%) |
Laine 2021 [52] | R1 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 31.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | (78.75%) |
Loewenberg Weisband 2017 [53] | R4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 35/40 |
| Â | R2 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | (87.5%) |
Longmore 2020 [54] | R3 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 33.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | (83.75%) |
Morrison 2015 [55] | R3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 29.5/40 |
| Â | R1 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | (73.75%) |
Oza-Frank 2016 [56] | R3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 29.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | (73.75%) |
Oza-Frank 2017 [57] | R3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 30.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | (76.25%) |
Stuebe 2016 [58] | R1 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 34.5/40 |
| Â | R2 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 4 | (86.25%) |