Table 1 Individual, household and community level characteristics of children < 24months of age, The Gambia 2019–2020
Characteristic | Overall (n = 5691) | Initiation of breastfeeding | |
|---|---|---|---|
Individual-level factors | n (%) | Within first hour (n = 3659) n (%) | After first hour (n = 2032) n (%) |
Sociodemographic factors | |||
Maternal education | |||
No education | 2975 (53.3) | 1976 (66.4) | 999 (33.6) |
Primary | 1032 (18.1) | 646 (62.6) | 386 (37.4) |
Secondary and above | 1684 (29.6) | 1037 (61.6) | 647 (38.4) |
Maternal working status | |||
Working | 3079 (54.1) | 1981 (64.3) | 1098 (35.7) |
Not working | 2612 (45.9) | 1678 (64.2) | 934 (35.8) |
Partner’s education | |||
No education | 3098 (58.2) | 2042 (65.9) | 1056 (34.1) |
Primary | 298 (5.6) | 188 (63.1) | 110 (36.9) |
Secondary | 1170 (22.0) | 766 (65.5) | 404 (34.5) |
Higher | 335 (6.3) | 213 (61.1) | 122 (38.9) |
Don’t know | 419 (7.9) | 231 (64.5) | 188 (35.5) |
Maternal age (years) | |||
15–24 | 1378 (24.2) | 837 (60.7) | 541 (39.3) |
25–34 | 2757 (48.5) | 1811 (65.7) | 946 (34.4) |
35–49 | 1556 (27.3) | 1011 (65.0) | 545 (35.0) |
Marital status | |||
Never married | 198 (3.5) | 110 (55.6) | 88 (44.4) |
Currently married | 5320 (93.5) | 3440 (64.7) | 1880 (35.3) |
Formerly married | 173 (3.0) | 109 (63.0) | 64 (37.0) |
Mothers literacy | |||
Can read part/whole sentences | 1446 (25.4) | 924 (63.9) | 522 (36.1) |
Cannot read | 4245 (74.6) | 2735 (64.4) | 1510 (35.6) |
Mother listens to radio | |||
Yes | 4294 (75.5) | 2793 (65.0) | 1501 (35.0) |
No | 1397 (24.5) | 866 (62.0) | 531 (38.0) |
Mother watches television | |||
Yes | 3975 (69.9) | 2546 (64.1) | 1429 (35.9) |
No | 1716 (30.1) | 1113 (64.9) | 603 (35.1) |
Obstetrics & antenatal care factors | |||
Place of delivery | |||
Home | 1058 (18.6) | 674 (29.0) | 1648 (71.0) |
Health facility | 4633 (81.4) | 2985 (88.6) | 384 (11.4) |
Mode of delivery | |||
Caesarean | 192 (3.4) | 40 (20.8) | 152 (79.2) |
Non-caesarean | 5497 (96.6) | 3619 (65.8) | 1878 (34.2) |
Antenatal care visits | |||
Less than 4 visit | 1064 (19.0) | 650 (61.1) | 414 (38.9) |
4 or more visits | 4551 (81.0) | 2970 (65.3) | 1581 (34.7) |
Mothers BMI (kg/m2) | |||
< 18.5 | 300 (10.3) | 204 (68.0) | 96 (32.0) |
18.5–24.9 | 1590 (54.7) | 1042 (65.5) | 548 (34.5) |
≥ 25 | 1015 (35.0) | 627 (61.8) | 388 (38.2) |
Household factors | |||
Wealth Index | |||
Poorest | 1930 (33.9) | 1293 (67.0) | 637 (33.0) |
Poorer | 1218 (21.4) | 787 (64.6) | 431 (35.4) |
Middle | 1106 (19.4) | 691 (62.5) | 415 (37.5) |
Richer | 824 (14.5) | 536 (65.0) | 288 (35.0) |
Richest | 613 (10.8) | 352 (57.4) | 261 (37.5) |
Community level factors | |||
Type of residence | |||
Urban | 2651 (46.6) | 1565 (59.0) | 1086 (41.0) |
Rural | 3040 (53.4) | 2094 (68.9) | 946 (37.5) |
Region | |||
Banjul | 325 (5.7) | 173 (53.2) | 152 (46.8) |
Kanifing | 587 (10.3) | 317 (54.0) | 270 (46.0) |
Brikama | 960 (16.9) | 534 (55.6) | 426 (44.4) |
Mansakonko | 524 (9.21) | 380 (72.5) | 144 (27.5) |
Kerewan | 740 (13.0) | 582 (78.6) | 158 (21.4) |
Kuntaur | 776 (13.7) | 547 (70.5) | 229 (29.5) |
Janjanbureh | 263 (12.2) | 459 (66.2) | 234 (33.8) |
Basse | 693 (19.0) | 667 (61.4) | 419 (38.6) |