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Table 5 Concentrations of elements detected in breast milk samples collected during, versus outside, the 2019/20 fire period (n = 77)

From: The impact of the 2019/2020 Australian landscape fires on infant feeding and contaminants in breast milk in women with asthma

Elements (mg/kg)

Outside the fire period (n = 48)

During the fire period (n = 29)

 

WHO Acceptable Ranges in Breast Milk (mg/kg)

Higher than WHO limit, n (%)

 

Detected n (%)

Median (Q1, Q3)

Range

Detected n (%)

Median (Q1, Q3)

Range

p-value

Calcium

48 (100)

270 (250,305)

210 – 380

29 (100)

280 (260,310)

190—350

0.81#

220—300

21 (27.3)

Potassium

48 (100)

500 (450,530)

370 – 780

29 (100)

490 (460,530)

400—630

0.98*

410—550

10 (13.0)

Magnesium

48 (100)

32 (27.5,36.0)

16—46

29 (100)

30 (26,34)

18 – 43

0.21#

29—38

10 (13.0)

Sodium

48 (100)

100 (79.5,130)

33 – 220

29 (100)

93 (69,130)

41—400

0.49*

90—130

17 (22.1)

Sulphur

48 (100)

120 (100,130)

87 – 200

29 (100)

120 (100,130)

90 -160

0.45*

-

-

Copper

48(100)

0.35 (0.24,0.61)

0.07 – 12.0

29 (100)

0.56 (0.35, 0.74)

0.04—1.3

0.07*

0.18—0.31

52 (67.5)

Iron

41 (85.4)

0.24 (0.18,0.31)

0.12 – 0.57

23 (79.3)

0.30 (0.21, 0.39)

0.11 – 0.63

0.13*

0.35 – 0.72

0

Selenium

44 (91.7)

0.01 (0.01, 0.02)

0.01 – 0.03

23 (79.3)

0.01 (0.01, 0.02)

0.01 – 0.03

0.64*

0.01 – 0.02

4 (6.0)

Manganese

4 (8.3)

0.01 (0.01 – 0.02)

0.01 – 0.02

1 (3.4)

-

0.01 – 0.01

NA

0.003—0.004

5 (100)

  1. *Wilcoxon rank-sum test, # t-test, NA: Not applicable, because there was no positive sample detected during the fire period or does not allow for statistical analysis