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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study participants in intervention and control groups

From: Feasibility and effectiveness of WhatsApp online group on breastfeeding by peer counsellors: a single-blinded, open-label pilot randomized controlled study

 

Total N = 33 (%)

Intervention N = 15 (%)

Control N = 18 (%)

p-value

Maternal age (year), Mean (SD)

33.0 (4.4)

32.1 (4.4)

33.7 (4.4)

.290

Maternal education

   

.418

  < University degree

8 (24.2)

5 (33.3)

3 (16.7)

 

 University Degree or above

25 (75.8)

10 (66.7)

15 (83.3)

 

Monthly family income (HKD)a

   

.850

  < $20,000

3 (9.1)

1 (6.7)

2 (11.1)

 

 $20,000–$39,999

5 (15.2)

3 (20.0)

2 (11.1)

 

  ≥ $40,000

25 (75.8)

11 (73.3)

14 (77.8)

 

Born in Hong Kong

   

.239

 No

9 (27.3)

6 (40.0)

3 (16.7)

 

 Yes

24 (72.7)

9 (60.0)

15 (83.3)

 

Intention to return to work postpartum

   

.665

 No

6 (18.2)

2 (13.3)

4 (22.2)

 

 Yes

27 (81.8)

13 (86.7)

14 (77.8)

 

Intention to exclusively breastfeed

   

.296

 No

18 (54.6)

10 (66.7)

8 (44.4)

 

 Yes

15 (45.5)

5 (33.3)

10 (55.6)

 

Partner’s infant feeding preference

   

1.000

 Breastfeeding

13 (39.4)

6 (40.0)

7 (38.9)

 

 Infant formula & mixed feeding

19 (57.6)

9 (60.0)

10 (55.6)

 

 No preference

1 (3.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (5.6)

 

Attended childbirth class (es)

   

.732

 No

17 (51.5)

7 (46.7)

10 (55.6)

 

 Yes

16 (48.5)

8 (53.3)

8 (44.4)

 

Attended breastfeeding class (es)

   

.729

 No

18 (54.6)

9 (60.0)

9 (50.0)

 

 Yes

15 (45.5)

6 (40.0)

9 (50.0)

 

Mode of birth

   

.493

 Spontaneous vaginal

17 (51.5)

10 (66.7)

7 (38.9)

 

 Assisted vaginal

6 (18.2)

2 (13.3)

4 (22.2)

 

 Planned caesarean

5 (15.2)

1 (6.7)

2 (22.2)

 

 Emergency caesarean

5 (15.2)

2 (13.3)

3 (16.7)

 
  1. a1 USD = 7.78 HK