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Table 2 Socio demographic, childbirth, and breastfeeding data and bivariate analysis comparing factors based on duration of EBF

From: Impact of personal and environmental factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding practices in the first six months during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand: a mixed-methods approach

Characteristics

Total (N = 390)

Group

p

EBF < 6 months (n = 244)

EBF 6 months (n = 146)

Socio demographic data

 Maternal age (years)

30.59 ± 5.69

30.50 ± 5.93

30.74 ± 5.29

0.712

Marital status

 Single

42 (10.8)

35 (14.3)

7 (4.8)

0.013*

 Married

334 (85.6)

201 (82.4)

133 (91.1)

 

 Separated/Divorced

14 (3.6)

8 (3.3)

6 (4.1)

 

Educational status

 Primary school

12 (3.1)

10 (4.1)

2 (1.4)

0.021*

 Secondary school

180 (46.2)

121 (49.6)

59 (40.4)

 

 Bachelor degree

168 (43.1)

96 (39.3)

72 (49.3)

 

  ≥ Master degree

30 (7.7)

17 (7.0)

13 (8.9)

 

Work characteristics

 Housewife

128 (32.8)

67 (27.5)

61 (41.8)

0.001*

 Work from Home

82 (21.0)

47 (19.3)

35 (24.0)

 

 Outside Work

180 (46.2)

130 (53.3)

50 (34.2)

 

Income status

 Sufficient

230 (59.0)

126 (51.6)

104 (71.2)

0.000*

 Insufficient

160 (41.0)

118 (48.4)

42 (28.8)

 

Pregnancy and childbirth data

Parity

 Primiparous

184 (47.2)

118 (48.4)

66 (45.2)

0.546

 Multiparous

206 (52.8)

126 (51.6)

80 (54.8)

 

Mode of delivery

 Vaginal delivery

177 (45.4)

119 (48.8)

58 (39.7)

0.083

 Caesarean section

213 (54.6)

125 (51.2)

88 (60.3)

 

Breastfeeding data

Breastfeeding intention (n = 383)

 Yes

372 (97.1)

227 (59.3)

145 (100.0)

0.005*

 No

11 (2.9)

11 (2.9)

0 (0.0)

 

Breastfeeding experiences

 Yes

164 (42.1)

92 (37.7)

72 (49.3)

0.025*

 No

226 (57.9)

152 (62.3)

74 (50.7)

 
  1. *p-value < 0.05
  2. Data are shown as n (%) and mean ± standard deviation. Chi-squared testing was used for categorical variables (marital status, work characteristics, income status, parity, mode of delivery, and breastfeeding experience). Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables and violate chi-squared assumption (educational status and breastfeeding intention). Z-score in Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables with not normally distributed data