Table 2 Feeding practices and neonatal and maternal parameters
From: Successful breastfeeding following a level II NICU stay in Qatar – a longitudinal study
Parameters: (numbers) | Feeding practices at discharge, number (%) | Feeding practices at 4 weeks, number (%) | Feeding practices at 8 weeks, number (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breast milk only | Infant formula only | Any breast milk | Breast milk only | Infant formula only | Any breast milk | Breast milk only | Infant formula only | Any breast milk | ||
Sex | Male (210) | 36 (17.1) | 35 (16.7) | 139 (66.2) | 114 (54.3) | 13 (6.2) | 83 (39.5) | 92 (43.8) | 35 (16.7) | 83 (39.5) |
Mode of delivery | Vaginal (177) | 34 (19.2) | 16 (9) | 127 (71.8) | 100 (56.5) | 10 (5.6) | 67 (37.9) | 79 (44.6) | 26 (14.7) | 72 (40.7) |
LSCS (187) | 39 (20.9) | 42 (22.5) | 106 (56.7) | 97 (51.9) | 11 (5.9) | 79 (42.2) | 74 (39.6) | 28 (15) | 85 (45.5) | |
Gestational age (weeks) | 27–31 (19) | 14 (73.7) | 1 (5.3) | 4 (21.1) | 7 (36.8) | 1 (5.3) | 11 (57.9) | 4 (21.1) | 4 (21.1) | 11 (57.9) |
32–33 (28) | 17 (60.7) | 3 (10.7) | 8 (26.8) | 18 (64.3) | 4 (14.3) | 6 (21.4) | 11 (39.3) | 5 (17.9) | 12 (42.9) | |
34–36 (58) | 10 (17.2) | 9 (15.5) | 39 (67.2) | 28 (48.3) | 0 (0) | 30 (51.7) | 22 (37.9) | 8 (13.8) | 28 (48.3) | |
37–41 (259) | 32, (12.4) | 45 (17.4) | 182 (70.3) | 144 (55.6) | 16 (6.2) | 99 (38.2) | 116 (44.8) | 37 (14.3) | 106 (40.9) | |
NICU stay duration (days) | 1 to 3 days (188)) | 14 (7.4) | 47 (25) | 127 (67.6) | 109 (58) | 11 (5.9) | 68 (36.2) | 84 (44.7) | 23 (12.2) | 81 (43.1) |
4 to 7 days (110) | 18 (16.4) | 9 (8.2) | 83 (75.5) | 63 (57.3) | 7 (6.4) | 40 (36.4) | 51 (46.4) | 16 (14.5) | 43 (39.1) | |
8 to 14 days (29) | 14 (48.3) | 10 (3.4) | 14 (48.3) | 6 (20.7) | 2 (6.9) | 21 (72.4) | 6 (20.7) | 8 (27.6) | 15 (51.7 | |
> 14 days (37) | 27 (73) | 1 (2.7) | 9 (24.3) | 19 (51.4) | 1 (2.7) | 17 (45.9) | 12 (32.4) | 7 (18.9) | 18 (48.6) | |
Parity | Primipara (146) | 30 (20.5) | 17 (11.6) | 99 (67.8) | 70 (47.9 | 7 (4.8) | 69 (47.3) | 57 (39) | 21 (14.4) | 68 (46.6) |
Multipara (218) | 43 (19.7) | 41 (18.8) | 134 (61.5) | 127 (58.3) | 14 (6.4) | 77 (35.3) | 96 (44) | 33 (15.1) | 89 (40.8) | |
Language | Arabic (130) | 25 (19.2)) | 25 (19.2) | 80 (61.5) | 66 (50.8) | 11 (8.5) | 53 (40.8) | 56 (43.1) | 29 (22.3) | 45 (34.6) |
Non-Arabic (234) | 48 (20.5) | 32 (13.7) | 154 (65.8) | 131 (56) | 10 (4.3) | 93 (39.7) | 97 (41.5) | 24 (10.3) | 113 (48.3) | |
Mother’s age | < 25 year (52) | 10 (19.2) | 6 (11.5) | 36 (69.2) | 29 (55.8) | 1 (1.9) | 22 (42.3) | 23 (44.2) | 9 (17.3) | 20 (38.5) |
25 to 35 (273) | 53 (19.4) | 43 (15.8) | 177 (64.8) | 154 (56.4) | 15 (5.5) | 104 (38.1) | 121 (44.3) | 36 (13.2) | 116 (42.5) | |
> 35 year (39) | 10 (25.6) | 9 (23.1) | 20 (51.3) | 14 (35.9) | 5 (12.8) | 20 (51.3) | 9 (23.1) | 9 (23.1) | 21 (53.8) | |
Mother’s education | Secondary (71) | 11 (15.5) | 13 (18.3) | 47 (66.2) | 32 (45.1) | 7 (9.9) | 32 (45.1) | 25 (35.2) | 18 (25.4) | 28 (39.4) |
College (217) | 45 (20.7) | 37 (17.1) | 135 (62.2) | 124 (57.1) | 12 (5.5) | 81 (37.3) | 97 (44.7) | 29 (13.4) | 91 (41.9) | |
University (72) | 16 (22.2) | 7 (9.7) | 49 (68.1) | 40 (55.6) | 2 (2.8) | 30 (41.7) | 30 (41.7) | 7 (9.7) | 35 (48.6) | |
Mother’s occupation | Not employed (251) | 48 (19.1) | 44 (17.5) | 159 (63.3) | 142 (56.6) | 13 (5.2) | 96 (38.2) | 118 (47) | 36 (14.3) | 97 (38.6) |
Employed (113) | 25 (22.1) | 14 (12.4) | 74 (65.5) | 55 (48.7) | 8 (7.1) | 50 (44.2) | 35 (31) | 18 (15.9) | 60 (53.1) | |
Family Income | QR. < 5 k (39) | 6 (15.3) | 9 (23) | 24 (61.5) | 17 (43.5) | 5 (12.8) | 17 (43.5) | 16 (41) | 11 (28.2) | 12 (30.7) |
QR. 5 to 15 k (213) | 41 (19.2) | 36 (16.9) | 136 (63.8) | 128 (60) | 11 (5.1) | 74 (34.7) | 102 (47.8) | 28 (13.1) | 83 (38.9) | |
QR. > 15 (75) | 14 (18.6) | 11 (14.6) | 50 (66.6) | 33 (44) | 5 (6.6) | 37 (49.4) | 25 (33.4) | 12 (16) | 38 (50.6) | |