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Table 3 Mean difference, Mean and standard deviation of the volume, triglyceride, cholesterol, albumin and total protein of breast milk in mothers of preterm infants admitted

From: Effect of lullaby on volume, fat, total protein and albumin concentration of breast milk in premature infants’ mothers admitted to NICU: a randomized controlled trial

Groups**

Variable

Time of intervention

Volume ml

Triglyceride mg/DL

Cholesterol mg/DL

Albumin mg/DL

Total protein mg/DL

A

SD ± Mean

Before

6.75 ± 0.93

388.72 ± 70.54

93.69 ± 20.96

1.29 ± 0.40

3.2 ± 1.11

After

73.09 ± 5.41

566.57 ± 79.49

108.27 ± 18.98

2.19 ± 0.47

4.81 ± 1.00

MD* (%95 CI)

66.33 (64.62, 68.03)

177.84 (159.91, 195.78)

14.57 (13.26, 15.89)

0.90 (0.79, 1.01)

1.61 (1.39, 1.83)

t, df

79.27, 32

20.19, 32

22.57, 32

17.00, 32

15.00, 32

P value

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

B

SD ± Mean

Before

6.66 ± 0.98

384 ± 78.02

93.12 ± 20.24

1.28 ± 0.46

3.18 ± 1.08

After

77.97 ± 4.47

595.36 ± 78.23

115.09 ± 20.58

2.51 ± 0.50

5.38 ± 1.18

MD (%95 CI)

71.30 (69.81, 72.78)

210.72 (198.47, 222.97)

21.96 (20.61, 23.32)

1.22 (1.15, 1.29)

2.20 (1.99, 2.40)

t, df

97.83, 32

35.03, 32

33.03, 32

36.61, 32

21.79, 32

P value

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

C

SD ± Mean

Before

6.67 ± 0.91

386.73 ± 79.61

92.91 ± 17.39

1.24 ± 0.39

3.07 ± 0.92

After

82.58 ± 7.02

610.91 ± 78.63

119.17 ± 17.81

2.71 ± 0.49

5.79 ± 0.97

MD (%95 CI)

75.91 (73.53, 78.28)

224.17 (219.64, 228.70)

26.26 (24.46, 28.06)

1.46 (1.36, 1.56)

2.72 (2.61, 2.82)

t, df

65.07, 33

100.75, 33

29.64, 33

29.51, 33

52.82, 33

P value

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

  1. to NICU before and after intervention
  2. * Mean difference (Confidence interval)
  3. Groups**: A. Control, B. playing lullaby for mother, C. playing lullaby for mother while holding a photo of her own baby