Table 1 Maternal and children’s characteristics between different delivery modes (n = 3109)
Maternal and children’s characteristics | Total populations | Delivery modes | Missing (n/%) | df | t/χ2 values | p values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vaginal delivery | Caesarean delivery | ||||||
Maternal characteristics | |||||||
Age (years) (Mean ± SD) | 26.61 ± 3.66 | 26.17 ± 3.26 | 27.09 ± 3.94 | 0/0.0 | 2950 | −7.11 | < 0.01 |
Maternal education level (years) (Mean ± SD) | 13.37 ± 3.16 | 13.44 ± 3.18 | 13.3 ± 3.14 | 20/0.6 | 3087 | 1.40 | 0.16 |
Monthly income per capita (Yuan) (n/%) | 0/0.0 | 2 | 2.61 | 0.27 | |||
≤ 2499 | 829/26.66 | 439/27.62 | 390/25.66 | ||||
2500 ~ 3999 | 1326/42.65 | 681/42.86 | 645/42.43 | ||||
≥ 4000 | 954/30.69 | 469/29.52 | 485/31.91 | ||||
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) (n/%) | 47/1.51 | 3 | 60.52 | < 0.01 | |||
Underweight | 702/22.58 | 420/26.77 | 282/18.89 | ||||
Normal | 2028/65.23 | 1033/65.84 | 995/66.64 | ||||
Overweight | 274/8.81 | 103/6.56 | 171/11.45 | ||||
Obesity | 58/1.87 | 13/0.83 | 45/3.01 | ||||
Parity (n/%) | 0/0.0 | 1 | 8.63 | < 0.01 | |||
Primiparous | 2803/90.16 | 1457/91.69 | 1346/88.55 | ||||
Multiparous | 306/9.84 | 132/8.31 | 174/11.45 | ||||
Previous adverse pregnancy outcomes (n/%) | 0/0.0 | 1 | 19.94 | < 0.01 | |||
Had | 1292/41.56 | 599/37.70 | 693/45.59 | ||||
Did not have | 1817/58.44 | 990/62.30 | 827/54.41 | ||||
Pregnancy complications (n/%) | 0/0.0 | 1 | 13.71 | < 0.01 | |||
Had | 198/6.37 | 76/4.78 | 122/8.03 | ||||
Did not have | 2911/93.63 | 1513/95.22 | 1398/91.97 | ||||
Complications during childbirth (n/%) | 13/0.42 | 1 | 3.07 | 0.08 | |||
Had | 826/26.67 | 400/25.3 | 426/28.1 | ||||
Did not have | 2270/73.01 | 1180/74.7 | 1090/71.9 | ||||
Children’s characteristics | |||||||
Gender | 0/0.00 | 1 | 2.23 | 0.14 | |||
Boys | 1593/51.24 | 835/52.55 | 758/49.87 | ||||
Girls | 1516/48.76 | 754/47.45 | 762/50.13 | ||||
Birth weight (g) (n/%) | 0/0.00 | 2 | 44.66 | < 0.01 | |||
< 2500 | 75/2.41 | 39/2.45 | 36/2.37 | ||||
2500 ~ 3999 | 2823/90.80 | 1489/93.71 | 1334/87.76 | ||||
≥ 4000 | 211/6.79 | 61/3.84 | 150/9.87 | ||||
Gestational weeks (n/%) | 0/0.0 | 1 | 3.72 | 0.05 | |||
< 37 | 126/4.05 | 75/4.72 | 51/3.36 | ||||
≥ 37 | 2983/95.95 | 1514/95.28 | 1469/96.64 | ||||
1-minute Apgar scores (Mean ± SD) | 9.94 ± 0.52 | 9.94 ± 0.45 | 9.93 ± 0.59 | 42/1.35 | 3065 | 0.94 | 0.35 |
5-minute Apgar scores (Mean ± SD) | 9.98 ± 0.20 | 9.98 ± 0.23 | 9.99 ± 0.18 | 43/1.38 | 2950 | −1.39 | 0.17 |