Table 3 Nutritional characteristics of children early in life
From: Breastfeeding, nutrition and type 1 diabetes: a case-control study in Izmir, Turkey
Cases | Controls | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Received breast milk within first hour after birth (n = 243) | 102 (85.7%) | 102 (82.2%) | 0.463 |
Colostrum-fed (n = 243) | 114 (95.7%) | 111 (89.5%) | 0.062 |
Exclusive breastfeeding duration (n = 239)* | |||
Any or less than 1 month | 55 (47.8%) | 38 (30.6%) | 0.037 |
1–2 months | 18 (15.6%) | 28 (22.6%) | |
3–5 months | 26 (22.6%) | 30 (24.2%) | |
6 months | 16 (13.9%) | 28 (22.6%) | |
Total breastfeeding duration (n = 241)* | |||
< 6 months | 21 (17.9%) | 20 (16.1%) | 0.977 |
6–12 months | 27 (23.0%) | 28 (22.5%) | |
13–24 months | 62 (52.9%) | 57 (45.9%) | |
≥ 24 months | 14 (11.9%) | 12 (9.6%) | |
Introduction of formula (n = 238)* | |||
Not consumed | 56 (45.5%) | 63 (54.2%) | 0.064 |
< 6 months | 37 (30.0%) | 49 (39.8%) | |
≥ 6 months | 22 (19.1%) | 11 (8.9%) | |
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p | |
Exclusive breastfeeding duration (month)* | 1.88 ± 2.23 | 2.67 ± 2.38 | 0.009 |
Total breastfeeding duration (month)* | 16.04 ± 10.80 | 16.38 ± 10.08 | 0.801 |