Table 1 Summary of evidence on breastfeeding and infant outcomes
From: Recommendations for breastfeeding during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors | Study site | Design | Follow-up time | Breastfeeding | No breastfeeding | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The number of infants | Exclusive breastfeeding or not | Outcome a | The number of infants | Outcome a | ||||
Ajith et al. [18] | India | Single-center observational study | Within 24 h of delivery | 165 | NA | 31 positive | 56 | 1 positive |
Bertino et al. [19] | Italy | Prospective observational study | 48 h and 6 weeks postpartum | 13 | Yes | 4 positive in the first 48 h of life; becoming negative by 6 weeks of life | 1 | Negative |
Biasucci et al. [6] | Italy | Prospective study | 3, 7 and 14 days postpartum | 13 | NA | 1 positive on 3 days postpartum 1 positive on 7 days postpartum All negative on 14 days postpartum | 2 | All negative |
Chu et al. [20] | China | Case report | 1 month postpartum | 1 | NA | Negative | 0 | – |
Cojocaru et al. [21] | USA | Retrospective study | 24 h, 48 h and a week postpartum during admission | 16 | NA | All negative | 15 | All negative |
Gao et al. [22] | China | Ambispective observational clinical analysis | During admission | 4 | NA | All negative | 10 | All negative |
Kilic et al. [23] | Turkey | Prospective observational study | During the 14-day isolation | 12 | NA | 6 positive | 3 | 2 positive |
Lugli et al. [24] | Italy | Case report | 8, 10 and 18 days postpartum | 1 | NA | Negative | 0 | – |
Oncel et al. [25] | Turkey | Multicenter cohort study | 1, 2, 5 days postpartum | 54 | NA | All negative | 71 | 4 positive |
Pereira et al. [26] | Spain | Retrospective case series study | 1.8 months | 17 | 15 exclusive breastfeeding and 2 supplementing with formula | All negative | 3 | All negative |
Piersigilli et al. [27] | Belgium | Case report | 7 and 14 days postpartum | 1 | NA | 7-day postpartum positive and14-day negative | 0 | – |
Salvatore et al. [28] | USA | Cohort study | 5–7 days and 14 days postpartum | 64 | With or without addition of formula | All negative | 18 | All negative |
Savasi et al. [29] | Italy | Prospective multicenter cohort study | Early postpartum period | 57 | NA | 4 positive | 0 | – |
Shlomai et al. [30] | Israel | Multicenter study | 14 to 21 days post-discharge | 47 | Yes | All negative | 8 | All negative |
Tran et al. [31] | Vietnam | Case report | 34 days postpartum | 1 | Yes | Negative | 0 | – |
Vila-Candel et al. [32] | Spain | Retrospective and multicenter study | During admission | 10 | Yes | All negative | 3 | All negative |