Table 3 Distribution of exclusive breastfeeding among children under 6 months in Bangladesh
Variable | n (%) | Exclusive breastfeeding (%) | Exclusive breastfeeding (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Household wealth quintile | Mother’s educational attainment | ||||||||||
Poorest | Poorer | Middle | Richer | Richest | No formal education | Primary | Secondary | Higher | |||
Child characteristics | |||||||||||
 Birth order | |||||||||||
  1st | 339 (36.7) | 68.1 | 69.0 | 59.4 | 67.1 | 67.6 | 77.1 | 69.2 | 65.8 | 68.3 | 69.4 |
  2nd | 296 (32.0) | 66.2 | 58.5 | 67.4 | 70.3 | 74.0 | 63.2 | 68.8 | 66.7 | 64.7 | 69.1 |
  3rd | 171 (18.5) | 63.2 | 63.9 | 63.9 | 66.7 | 46.2 | 70.0 | 60.0 | 62.9 | 64.3 | 60.0 |
  4th and above | 118 (12.8) | 67.0 | 61.0 | 75.0 | 62.5 | 71.4 | 62.5 | 56.0 | 69.1 | 69.4 | 100.0 |
  Sex of child | |||||||||||
 Male | 480 (52.0) | 65.4 | 62.5 | 58.8 | 66.0 | 68.2 | 70.6 | 55.6 | 66.9 | 65.6 | 65.7 |
  Female | 444 (48.1) | 67.6 | 63.6 | 70.3 | 69.6 | 65.1 | 68.8 | 67.6 | 65.2 | 67.0 | 73.6 |
 Place of birth | |||||||||||
  Home | 453 (49.0) | 65.1 | 61.6 | 66.4 | 71.0 | 67.9 | 55.6 | 63.8 | 65.5 | 65.3 | 64.3 |
  Health facility | 471 (51.0) | 67.7 | 66.7 | 62.7 | 64.5 | 66.1 | 73.3 | 58.8 | 67.0 | 67.1 | 70.3 |
 Antenatal care | |||||||||||
   < 4 visit | 502 (54.8) | 66.5 | 65.2 | 63.3 | 70.5 | 61.5 | 74.6 | 66.0 | 65.3 | 68.4 | 64.1 |
  4+ visit | 414 (45.2) | 67.6 | 60.3 | 68.8 | 64.2 | 71.7 | 70.2 | 50.0 | 68.2 | 65.0 | 73.5 |
 Mode of birth | |||||||||||
  Vaginal | 605 (65.5) | 66.6 | 62.9 | 65.5 | 69.2 | 70.5 | 68.7 | 66.7 | 64.2 | 68.1 | 68.2 |
  Caesarean section | 318 (34.5) | 66.0 | 64.0 | 63.6 | 65.2 | 61.8 | 70.3 | 46.2 | 74.0 | 62.7 | 69.0 |
 Preceding birth interval | |||||||||||
   < 2 years | 56 (6.1) | 64.3 | 43.8 | 66.7 | 46.2 | 100.0 | 85.7 | 28.6 | 81.3 | 58.6 | 100.0 |
  2–4 years | 241 (26.1) | 71.8 | 74.2 | 79.0 | 71.4 | 60.6 | 66.7 | 79.0 | 73.6 | 70.0 | 68.6 |
  4+ years | 285 (30.8) | 61.1 | 52.4 | 54.4 | 70.7 | 62.3 | 64.6 | 56.0 | 56.8 | 63.6 | 65.6 |
  First born | 342 (37.0) | 67.5 | 67.8 | 59.4 | 67.1 | 67.6 | 75.0 | 69.2 | 64.9 | 67.8 | 68.8 |
  Parity | |||||||||||
 1–2 | 632 (68.4) | 67.6 | 63.4 | 62.8 | 68.6 | 70.2 | 71.9 | 71.4 | 66.2 | 66.4 | 70.2 |
  3–4 | 250 (27.1) | 63.6 | 64.4 | 66.1 | 64.4 | 55.0 | 66.0 | 59.3 | 63.8 | 65.5 | 57.9 |
  5+ | 42 (4.6) | 66.7 | 55.6 | 83.3 | 75.0 | 71.4 | 0.0 | 44.4 | 73.9 | 70.0 | – |
Mothers sociodemographic characteristics | |||||||||||
 Age of mother | |||||||||||
  15–24 | 535 (57.9) | 68.0 | 67.2 | 65.8 | 65.8 | 71.6 | 70.8 | 67.7 | 66.2 | 68.5 | 69.4 |
  25–34 | 347 (37.6) | 66.0 | 59.7 | 66.7 | 71.4 | 60.3 | 70.7 | 65.2 | 68.5 | 62.9 | 69.2 |
  35+ | 42 (4.5) | 50.0 | 33.3 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 60.0 | 28.6 | 46.7 | 61.5 | 57.1 |
 Residential status | |||||||||||
  Urban | 328 (35.5) | 62.5 | 59.5 | 55.9 | 59.6 | 59.5 | 68.3 | 51.9 | 64.2 | 61.0 | 66.3 |
  Rural | 596 (64.5) | 68.6 | 63.9 | 67.4 | 70.9 | 72.2 | 73.3 | 70.3 | 67.1 | 68.5 | 71.1 |
 Age at first birth | |||||||||||
   < 18 | 351 (38.0) | 63.3 | 60.8 | 64.5 | 60.8 | 66.1 | 66.7 | 62.5 | 66.9 | 61.4 | 56.3 |
  18–24 | 510 (55.2) | 68.6 | 65.7 | 66.7 | 73.0 | 67.3 | 70.2 | 63.3 | 64.8 | 69.9 | 71.5 |
  25+ | 63 (6.8) | 66.7 | 50.0 | 55.6 | 66.7 | 62.5 | 73.3 | 50.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 65.9 |
 Marital status | |||||||||||
  Married | 918 (99.3) | 66.5 | 62.8 | 65.6 | 68.1 | 66.5 | 69.6 | 62.5 | 66.2 | 66.3 | 68.7 |
  Not married | 6 (0.7) | 66.7 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | – | 50.0 | 66.7 | 100.0 |
 Geographical division | |||||||||||
  Barisal | 106 (11.5) | 65.1 | 71.4 | 48.0 | 58.3 | 78.6 | 87.5 | 85.7 | 65.6 | 56.8 | 73.9 |
  Chittagong | 162 (17.5) | 79.6 | 81.5 | 90.0 | 85.0 | 71.4 | 74.5 | 66.7 | 88.3 | 76.5 | 80.8 |
  Dhaka | 128 (13.9) | 53.9 | 33.3 | 46.2 | 60.0 | 68.3 | 46.2 | 50.0 | 55.0 | 53.5 | 55.0 |
  Khulna | 98 (10.6) | 57.1 | 44.4 | 64.7 | 54.2 | 65.2 | 52.0 | 50.0 | 55.0 | 63.2 | 41.2 |
  Mymensingh | 113 (12.2) | 54.0 | 41.9 | 48.5 | 76.2 | 35.3 | 90,9 | 63.6 | 53.1 | 46.8 | 65.2 |
  Rajshahi | 85 (9.2) | 72.9 | 66.7 | 78.3 | 60.0 | 76.2 | 83.3 | 100.0 | 62.5 | 76.7 | 72.0 |
  Rangpur | 102 (11.0) | 72.6 | 66.7 | 70.0 | 84.6 | 55.6 | 93.3 | 60.0 | 61.3 | 75.6 | 84.0 |
  Sylhet | 130 (14.1) | 72.3 | 72.4 | 76.7 | 58.3 | 72.2 | 79.3 | 57.1 | 72.6 | 79.6 | 66.7 |
Mothers empowerment | |||||||||||
 Decision making power | |||||||||||
  Low | 398 (43.4) | 67.3 | 62.2 | 66.3 | 69.0 | 72.9 | 65.2 | 76.0 | 66.1 | 67.5 | 65.7 |
  High | 520 (56.6) | 65.8 | 63.2 | 65.0 | 67.4 | 60.0 | 72.2 | 53.9 | 66.2 | 65.1 | 70.6 |
 Mother’s enlightenment | |||||||||||
  Low | 390 (42.2) | 66.7 | 63.9 | 68.6 | 70.3 | 68.2 | 64.7 | 62.5 | 65.7 | 67.6 | 74.3 |
  Medium | 399 (43.2) | 66.2 | 60.0 | 66.2 | 67.0 | 65.0 | 67.9 | – | 67.0 | 65.4 | 67.1 |
  High | 135 (14.6) | 66.7 | 50.0 | 47.6 | 61.1 | 70.0 | 75.0 | – | 57.1 | 66.0 | 68.0 |
 Wife beating | |||||||||||
  Low | 758 (82.0) | 66.8 | 63.2 | 62.8 | 68.9 | 68.0 | 70.6 | 60.8 | 67.5 | 66.9 | 67.5 |
  High | 166 (18.0) | 65.1 | 62.5 | 75.8 | 62.9 | 58.3 | 65.4 | 69.2 | 61.5 | 63.6 | 90.9 |
 Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage | |||||||||||
  Low | 306 (33.1) | 68.6 | 80.0 | 68.0 | 67.8 | 67.9 | 69.1 | 66.7 | 69.4 | 68.4 | 68.7 |
  Medium | 318 (34.4) | 64.2 | 53.1 | 63.6 | 65.9 | 63.8 | 75.6 | 35.7 | 65.9 | 63.5 | 68.9 |
  High | 300 (32.5) | 66.7 | 65.8 | 66.2 | 71.1 | 68.8 | 55.6 | 71.1 | 63.9 | 67.2 | 69.6 |
Total estimates of exclusive breastfeeding | 924 | 66.8 | 63.0 | 65.2 | 67.7 | 66.7 | 69.9 | 62.5 | 66.0 | 66.3 | 68.9 |