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Table 2 Household wealth and educational attainment inequalities in early initiation of breastfeeding

From: Socioeconomic inequalities in early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh: findings from the 2018 demographic and health survey

Variable

Household wealth quintile

Mother’s education

Concentration index (SE)

P@

Concentration index (SE)

P@

Child characteristics

 Birth order

 

0.266

 

0.088

  1st

− 0.059 (0.011)*

 

−0.035 (0.011)*

 

  2nd

−0.036 (0.011)*

 

−0.034 (0.010)*

 

  3rd

−0.046 (0.014)*

 

−0.009 (0.013)

 

  4th and above

−0.021 (0.016)

 

0.007 (0.015)

 

 Sex of child

 

0.663

 

0.655

  Male

−0.052 (0.009)*

 

−0.039 (0.008)*

 

  Female

−0.046 (0.009)*

 

−0.032 (0.009)*

 

 Place of birth

 

0.875

 

0.059

  Home

− 0.015 (0.007)*

 

0.004 (0.007)

 

  Health facility

−0.017 (0.011)

 

−0.019 (0.010)

 

 Antenatal care

 

0.023*

 

0.020*

   < 4 visit

−0.028 (0.008)*

 

−0.016 (0.008)

 

  4+ visit

−0.057 (0.010)*

 

−0.044 (0.009)*

 

 Mode of birth

 

0.066

 

0.431

  Vaginal

−0.012 (0.006)

 

−0.002 (0.006)

 

  Caesarean section

0.015 (0.016)

 

0.009 (0.015)

 

 Preceding birth interval

 

0.236

 

0.874

   < 2 years

−0.004 (0.023)

 

−0.018 (0.022)

 

  2–4 years

−0.051 (0.012)*

 

−0.023 (0.011)*

 

  4+ years

−0.038 (0.011)*

 

−0.029 (0.011)*

 

  First born

−0.056 (0.011)*

 

−0.033 (0.011)*

 

 Parity

 

0.694

 

0.033*

  1–2

−0.048 (0.008)*

 

−0.037 (0.007)*

 

  3–4

−0.037 (0.012)*

 

−0.002 (0.011)

 

  5+

−0.032 (0.023)

 

−0.006 (0.023)

 

Mothers sociodemographic characteristics

 Age of mother

 

0.759

 

0.927

  15–24

−0.054 (0.009)*

 

−0.037 (0.008)*

 

  25–34

−0.044 (0.010)*

 

−0.032 (0.009)*

 

  35+

−0.053 (0.025)*

 

−0.032 (0.025)

 

 Residential status

 

0.492

 

0.531

  Urban

−0.040 (0.011)*

 

−0.040 (0.011)*

 

  Rural

−0.050 (0.008)*

 

−0.032 (0.007)*

 

 Age at first birth

 

0.895

 

0.670

   < 18

−0.047 (0.009)*

 

−0.025 (0.009)*

 

  18–24

−0.041 (0.009)*

 

−0.032 (0.009)*

 

  25+

−0.046 (0.031)

 

−0.011 (0.029)

 

 Marital status

 

0.658

 

0.852

  Married

−0.049 (0.006)*

 

−0.035 (0.006)*

 

  Not married

−0.074 (0.058)

 

−0.045 (0.056)

 

 Geographical division

 

0.002*

 

0.485

  Barisal

−0.017 (0.019)

 

−0.033 (0.018)

 

  Chittagong

−0.087 (0.017)*

 

−0.040 (0.016)*

 

  Dhaka

−0.005 (0.016)

 

−0.011 (0.015)

 

  Khulna

−0.077 (0.024)*

 

−0.035 (0.022)

 

  Mymensingh

−0.030 (0.017)

 

−0.004 (0.017)

 

  Rajshahi

−0.005 (0.020)

 

−0.039 (0.019)*

 

  Rangpur

−0.054 (0.017)*

 

−0.046 (0.017)*

 

  Sylhet

−0.060 (0.015)*

 

−0.048 (0.015)*

 

Mothers empowerment

 Decision making power

 

0.486

 

0.565

  Low

−0.054 (0.011)*

 

−0.030 (0.010)*

 

  High

−0.045 (0.008)*

 

−0.038 (0.008)*

 

 Mother’s enlightenment

 

0.956

 

0.212

  Low

−0.027 (0.009)*

 

−0.006 ()0.009

 

  Medium

−0.031 (0.019)*

 

−0.022 (0.009)*

 

  High

−0.029 (0.019)

 

−0.037 (0.018)*

 

 Wife beating

 

0.772

 

0.943

  Low

−0.048 (0.007)*

 

−0.035 (0.007)*

 

  High

−0.053 (0.015)*

 

−0.034 (0.014)*

 

  Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage

 

0.712

 

0.183

  Low

−0.022 (0.012)

 

−0.036 (0.011)*

 

  Medium

−0.033 (0.011)*

 

−0.010 (0.011)

 

  High

−0.032 (0.009)*

 

−0.032 (0.009)*

 

Total estimates

−0.049 (0.006)*

 

−0.035 (0.006)*

 
  1. *Significant at p < 0.05
  2. SE Standard error
  3. P@ = p-value comparing indices across the levels of a variable