Skip to main content

Table 4 Factors associated with prelacteal feeding practice in East Africa

From: Prelacteal feeding practice and its associated factors among mothers having children less than 2 years of age in East Africa: a multilevel analysis of the recent demographic and health surveys

Variables

Multilevel Logistic regression

Based on unweighted data

Based on weighted data

COR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

COR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

Maternal age (years)

 15–19

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 20–24

0.91 (0.81, 1.02)

0.92 (0.81, 1.05)

0.87 (0.75, 1.01)

0.90 (0.76, 1.06)

 25–29

0.85 (0.76, 0.95)

0.85 (0.74, 0.97) *

0.82 (0.70, 0.95)

0.85 (0.71, 1.02)

 30–34

0.93 (0.82, 1.05)

0.92 (0.79, 1.08)

0.84 (0.73, 0.98)

0.87 (0.72, 1.05)

 35–39

0.93 (0.82, 1.07)

0.90 (0.76, 1.07)

0.90 (0.75, 1.08)

0.92 (0.73, 1.16)

 40–44

0.92 (0.77, 1.10)

0.90 (0.73, 1.12)

0.97 (0.78, 1.21)

0.99 (0.76, 1.29)

 45–49

0.98 (0.70, 1.38)

0.92 (0.64, 1.34)

0.94 (0.61, 1.47)

0.93 (0.59, 1.48)

Educational level

 No education

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Primary

0.66 (0.51, 0.72)

0.76 (0.70, 0.83) ***

0.85 (0.76, 0.95)

0.89 (0.78, 1.01)

 Sec & above

0.76 (0.69, 0.83)

0.88 (0.79, 0.99)*

0.99 (0.86, 1.13)

1.03 (0.88, 1.20)

Wealth index

 Poor

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Middle

0.80 (0.73, 0.88)

0.93 (0.84, 1.03)

0.91 (0.81, 1.02)

0.97 (0.86, 1.60)

 Rich

0.85 (0.79, 0.92)

0.91 (0.82, 1.01)

0.93 (0.84, 1.04)

0.87 (0.76, 1.01)

Sex of child

 Male

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Female

0.94 (0.88, 1.01)

0.96 (0.89, 1.03)

0.94 (0.87, 1.03)

0.95 (0.87, 1.05)

Multiple birth

 No

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Yes

1.77 (1.41, 2.23)

1.58 (1.24, 2.03)***

1.98 (1.47, 2.66)

1.69 (1.22, 1.34) **

Breastfeeding initiation

 Within 1 h

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 After 1 h

4.57 (4.26, 4.90)

3.89 (3.61, 4.18)

4.58 (4.16, 5.03)

3.83 (3.48, 4.23) ***

Media exposure

 No

0.99 (0.93, 1.06)

1.15 (1.06, 2.24)**

1.18 (1.06, 1.30)

1.21 (1.07, 1.35) **

 Yes

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Parity

 Primiparous

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Multiparous

0.80 (0.73, 0.87)

0.88 (0.80, 0.98)*

0.78 (0.70, 0.86)

0.89 (0.78, 1.01)

 Grand multiparous

0.93 (0.85, 1.02)

0.90 (0.79, 1.03)

0.89 (0.80, 1.01)

0.91 (0.77, 1.08)

ANC visits

 No

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 One & two

0.60 (0.53, 0.69)

0.77 (0.67, 0.88)***

0.76 (0.62, 0.93)

0.89 (0.72, 1.11)

 Three

0.43 (0.39, 0.49)

0.65 (0.56, 0.74)***

0.60 (0.49, 0.74)

0.81 (0.65, 1.01)

 Four & above

0.44 (0.40, 0.49)

0.68 (0.60, 0.77)***

0.63 (0.52, 0.76)

0.85 (0.70, 1.41)

Place of delivery

 Home

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Health facility

0.41 (0.38, 0.44)

0.43 (0.40, 0.47)***

0.46 (0.41, 0.51)

0.44 (0.39, 0.49) ***

Cesarean delivery

 No

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Yes

2.09 (1.86, 2.33)

1.65 (1.45, 1.88)***

2.28 (1.96, 2.65)

1.63 (1.38, 1.93) ***

Size of the child at birth

 Small

1.40 (1.28, 1.54)

1.14 (1.03, 1.26)*

1.31 (1.15, 1.48)

1.15 (1.01, 1.32) *

 Large

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Average

0.93 (0.86, 1.01)

0.92 (0.83, 1.01)*

0.96 (0.87, 1.06)

0.95 (0.86, 1.06)

Distance from the health facility

 Big problem

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Not a big problem

0.94 (0.88, 1.01)

1.02 (0.94, 1.09)

0.97 (0.88, 1.06)

0.98 (0.90, 1.08)

Residence

 Urban

1.00

1.00

0.84 (0.74, 0.95)

1.00

 Rural

0.93 (0.86, 1.01)

0.84 (0.74, 0.90)***

0.78 (0.67, 0.91) **

Community-level women education

 Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 High

1.10 (1.01, 1.18)

1.10 (1.01, 1.21)

1.14 (1.02, 1.27)

1.10 (0.98, 1.24)

Community poverty level

 Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 High

0.89 (0.82, 0.97)

0.90 (0.82, 0.99)*

0.90 (0.81, 1.01)

0.95 (0.84, 1.06)

Community-level of ANC utilization

 High

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Low

0.76 (0.67, 0.85)

0.84 (0.74, 0.95)*

0.73 (0.64, 0.84)

0.86 (0.71, 1.01)

 Middle

1.08 (0.97, 1.20)

1.10 (0.99, 1.23)

1.01 (0.89, 1.15)

1.14 (1.01, 1.30)

Community-level media exposure

 Low

1.17 (1.07, 1.27)

1.11 (1.01, 1.23)*

1.30 (1.16, 1.45)

1.22 (1.09, 1.36) **

 High

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

  1. Note: ANC Antenatal Care, AOR Adjusted Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, * = p value< 0.05, ** = p value≤0.01, *** = p value< 0.001