Table 2 Clinical outcomes between the OAC group and control group at the time of discharge
Clinical outcome | OAC group (N = 127) | Control group (N = 125) | t/x2-value | P-value | Relative risk/Mean difference (95% CI) | Relative risk/ Mean difference (95% CI)* | Rate difference (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3), n (%) | 3 (2.36) | 13 (10.40) | 6.85 | 0.01 | 0.23 (0.07, 0.78) | 0.23 (0.06, 0.84) | 8.04% (1.36, 15.31%) |
Bell stage 2, n (%) | 3 (2.36) | 10 (8.00) | 4.09 | 0.04 | 0.30 (0.08, 1.05) | 5.64% (−0.62, 12.45%) | |
Bell stage 3, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (2.40) | -a | 0.12 | -c | 2.40% (−1.67, 7.38%) | |
Late onset sepsis, n (%) | 6 (4.72) | 17 (13.60) | 5.98 | 0.01 | 0.35 (0.14, 0.85) | 0.36 (0.14, 0.95) | 8.88% (1.12, 16.93%) |
Clinical sepsis, n (%) | 3 (2.36) | 6 (4.80) | -a | 0.33 | 0.49 (0.13, 1.93) | 2.44% (−3.23, 8.49%) | |
Proven sepsis, n (%) | 3 (2.36) | 11 (8.80) | 4.98 | 0.03 | 0.27 (0.08, 0.94) | 0.31 (0.08, 1.14) | 6.44% (0.04, 13.41%) |
Patent ductus arteriosus, n (%) | 45 (35.43) | 33 (26.40) | 2.41 | 0.12 | 1.34 (0.92, 1.95) | 9.03% (−2.93, 20.64%) | |
Intraventricular hemorrhage (grade 3 or 4), n (%) | 2 (1.57) | 9 (7.20) | 4.78 | 0.03 | 0.22 (0.05, 0.99) | 0.32 (0.06, 1.65) | 5.63% (−0.22, 12.17%) |
Periventricular leukomalacia, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.80) | -a | 0.50 | -c | 0.80% (−2.94, 5.03%) | |
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, n (%) | 7 (5.51) | 10 (8.00) | 0.62 | 0.43 | 0.69 (0.27, 1.75) | 2.49% (−4.60, 9.76%) | |
Retinopathy of prematurity, n (%) | 18 (14.17) | 16 (12.80) | 0.10 | 0.75 | 1.11 (0.59, 2.07) | 1.37% (−7.78, 10.49%) | |
Cholestasis, n (%) | 3 (2.36) | 9 (7.20) | 3.25 | 0.07 | 0.33 (0.09, 1.18) | 4.84% (−1.28, 11.48%) | |
Age of achieving full enteral feeding (d), mean ± SD | 23.13 ± 9.45 | 28.50 ± 14.80 | −3.44 (df250) | 0.01 | −5.38 (−8.45, −2.30) | −4.54 (− 7.04, − 2.01) | -b |
Age of achieving full oral feeding (d), mean ± SD | 34.14 ± 16.27 | 35.03 ± 17.54 | −0.42 (df250) | 0.68 | −0.89 (−5.09, 3.31) | -b | |
Rate of weight gain (kg.d), mean ± SD | 13.47 ± 3.83 | 13.20 ± 3.42 | 0.58 (df250) | 0.56 | 0.27 (−0.64, 1.17) | -b | |
Indwelling time of PICC (d), mean ± SD | 24.67 ± 11.44 | 24.86 ± 13.19 | −0.12 (df250) | 0.91 | −0.19 (−3.25, 2.88) | -b | |
Days of mechanical ventilation (d), mean ± SD | 1.02 ± 3.02 | 1.94 ± 9.29 | −1.06 (df250) | 0.29 | −0.92 (−2.63, 0.79) | -b | |
Days of noninvasive ventilation (d), mean ± SD | 14.74 ± 14.31 | 13.49 ± 13.26 | 0.72 (df250) | 0.47 | 1.25 (−2.17, 4.68) | -b | |
Breast milk feed rate, n (%) | 108 (85.04) | 103 (82.40) | 0.32 | 0.57 | 1.03 (0.93, 1.15) | 2.64% (−7.11, 12.39%) | |
Days of breast milk feeds (d), mean ± SD | 30.41 ± 20.92 | 29.93 ± 17.97 | 0.20 (df250) | 0.85 | 0.48 (−4.36, 5.32) | -b | |
Length of hospitalization (d), mean ± SD | 41.12 ± 16.31 | 43.14 ± 17.15 | 0.96 (df250) | 0.34 | −2.02 (−6.17, 2.13) | -b |