Table 2 Comparing the sociodemographic and clinical variables between women with cases (preeclampsia) and controls
From: Association between breastfeeding and preeclampsia in parous women: a case –control study
Variables | Cases (preeclampsia, (n = 116) | Controls (n = 232) | Odds Ratio (95%CI Confidence Interval) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables occurred before the previous breastfeeding | ||||
Age, years | 33.0 (28.0–38.0) | 30.0 (25.0–33.0) | 1.08 (1.05,1.13) | < 0.001 |
Parity | 4.0 (3.0–6.0) | 3.0 (2–5.0) | 1.15 (1.05,1.28) | 0.004 |
Education level | Numbers (proportion) | Numbers (proportion) | ||
≥ secondary | 70 (60.3) | 129 (55.6) | Reference | 0.400 |
< secondary | 46 (39.7) | 103 (44.4) | 0.82 (0.52,1.29) | |
Occupation | ||||
Housewife | 86 (74.1) | 208 (89.7) | Reference | < 0.001 |
Employee | 30 (25.9) | 24 (10.3) | 3.02 (1.67,5.46) | |
History of preeclampsia | ||||
No | 101 (87.1) | 193 (83.2) | Reference | 0.347 |
Yes | 15 (12.9) | 39 (16.8) | 0.73 (0.38,1.39) | |
History of miscarriage | ||||
No | 86 (74.1) | 169 (72.8) | Reference | 0.898 |
Yes | 30 (25.9) | 63 (27.2) | 0.93 (0.56,1.55) | |
Body mass index groups | ||||
Underweight | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0) | Undefined | |
Normal weight | 50 (43.1) | 82 (35.3) | Reference | |
Overweight | 40 (34.5) | 99 (42.7) | 0.77 (0.74,1.40) | 0.397 |
Obese | 24 (20.7) | 51 (22.0) | 0.85 (0.46,1.57) | 0.623 |
Variables occurred after the previous breastfeeding | ||||
Interpregnancy interval, months* | 22.0 (13.0–36.0) | 22.0 (15.0–33.0) | 1.01 (0.99,1.02) | 0.359 |
Antenatal care | ||||
≥ two visits | 106 (91.4) | 218 (94.0) | Reference | 0.376 |
< two visits | 10 (8.6) | 14 (6.0) | 1.46 (0.63,3.41) | |
Hemoglobin level, g/dl | 10.6.0 (9.8–11.8) | 10.5 (9.9–11.4) | 0.96 (0.74,1.24) | 0.349 |
Blood groups | ||||
O | 53 (45.7) | 127 (54.7) | Reference | 0.113 |
Not group O | 63 (54.3) | 105 (45.3) | 1.43 (0.91,2.24) | |
Infant sex | ||||
Female | 58 (50.0) | 109 (47.0) | Reference | 0.649 |
Male | 58 (50.0) | 123 (53.0) | 0.88 (0.56,1.38) | |