Table 5 Factors (nominal and ordinal variables) at 2–4 days after childbirth influencing exclusive infant formula feeding on days 2–4 postpartum using the Chi-square test and specified with Fisher’s Exact tests^a

Watching electronic program on breastfeeding at the hospital

183 (42.9%)

3 (15.0%)

6.1

0.014

Sense that the knowledge on breastfeeding is sufficient

12.14

0.005

No

126 (29.5%)

13 (65.0%)

Partially

36 (8.4%)

2 (10.0%)

Yes

265 (62.1%)

5 (25.0%)

Family support in relation to breastfeeding

384 (89.9%)

13 (65.0%)

11.95

0.001

Doctor’s support in relation to breastfeeding

333 (78.0%)

10 (50.0%)

6

0.014

Midwife’s support in relation to breastfeeding

325 (76.1%)

10 (50.0%)

6.94

0.008

 Pacifier use

319 (74.7%)

10 (50.0%)

6

0.014

 Teat use

138 (32.3%)

11 (55.0%)

4.42

0.035

 Delivery

120 (28.1%)

18 (90.0%)

34.3

< 0.001

 Premature

12.52

0.005

 Term

23 (5.4%)

5 (25.0%)

 Intramuscular pethidine for analgesia

404 (94.6%)

15 (75.0%)

 Type of delivery

14 (3.3%)

4 (20.0%)

13.82

0.006

 Vaginal birth

12.84

< 0.01

 Healthy newborn^b

89 (20.8%)

11 (55.0%)

338 (79.2%)

9 (45.0%)

359 (84.1%)

10 (50.0%)

15.40%

0.001