From: Nutritional supplements and mother’s milk composition: a systematic review of interventional studies
First author surname, citation number | Type of Supplement | Characteristics of Participants | Type of study | Aim | Type of Nutrients Evaluated in Milk | Main findings | Jadad scale points and WHO divisions |
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Byerley [52] | 25 lactating women administered 90 mg of ascorbic acid for 1 day followed by 250, 500 or 1000 mg/day for 2 days or unsupplemented for 1 day followed by either 0 or 90 mg ascorbic acid supplement for 2 days | 25 well-nourished lactating women from 20 to 36 years old. | Randomized clinical trial | To assess effect of maternal intake of vitamin C on the vitamin C concentration in human milk and on the vitamin C intakes of breast-fed infants. | Vitamin C of human milk | Total maternal intakes of vitamin C, which exceeded 1000 mg/day or 10-fold the RDA for lactation (100 mg/day), did not significantly influence the vitamin C content in milk or the vitamin C intakes of infants. | 1/5 Americas (AMRO) |
Daneel-Otterbech [53] | Effervescent tablets (1000 mg ascorbic acid) | Apparently healthy, lactating women | Randomised-controlled trial | To compare human milk ascorbic acid content in European and African women and to evaluate the influence of increased ascorbic acid intake on human milk ascorbic acid output. | Ascorbic acid | Ascorbic acid (AA) supplementation (1000 mg/d for 10 d) increased mean human milk AA from 19 to 60 mg/kg (P ≤ 0.001) and from 60 to 70 mg/kg (P ≤ 0.03) in 18 African and 10 European women, respectively. In 11 African women, mean human milk AA increased from 17 to 36 mg/kg (P ≤ 0.001) after intake of 100 mg AA/d for 10 d. | 1/5 Europe (EURO) |