Table 7 Effects of interventions on women of different parity
Setting of intervention | Number of trials | No of events | Effect | Certainty | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention | Control | Relative (95% CI) | Absolute (95% CI) | |||
Number of women who do not initiate breastfeeding within 1Â h of birth | ||||||
 Primiparous | 1 trial | 16/50 (32.0%) | 21/50 (42.0%) | RR 0.76 (0.45 to 1.28) | 101 fewer per 1000 (from 118 more to 231 fewer) | Very low |
 Primiparous and multiparous | 5 trials | 987/1755 (56.2%) | 1109/1682 (65.9%) | RR 0.79 (0.56 to 1.11) | 138 fewer per 1000 (from 73 more to 290 fewer) | Low |
Number of women who stop any breastfeeding before 4–6 weeks postpartum | ||||||
 Primiparous | 9 trials (10 comparisons) | 342/1473 (23.2%) | 335/1296 (25.8%) | RR 0.85 (0.67 to 1.08) | 39 fewer per 1000 (from 21 more to 85 fewer) | Low |
 Primiparous and multiparous | 19 trials (20 comparisons) | 834/2641 (31.6%) | 955/2684 (35.6%) | RR 0.87 (0.78 to 0.96) | 46 fewer per 1000 (from 14 fewer to 78 fewer) | Low |
Number of women who stop any breastfeeding before 6 months postpartum | ||||||
 Primiparous | 6 trials | 322/521 (61.8%) | 357/525 (68.0%) | RR 0.84 (0.68 to 1.04) | 109 fewer per 1000 (from 27 more to 218 fewer) | Low |
 Primiparous and multiparous | 18 trials (20 comparisons) | 2694/4781 (56.3%) | 1899/3304 (57.5%) | RR 0.94 (0.89 to 0.99) | 34 fewer per 1000 (from 6 fewer to 63 fewer) | Low |
Number of women who stop exclusive breastfeeding before 4–6 weeks postpartum | ||||||
 Primiparous | 10 trials (11 comparisons) | 948/1625 (58.3%) | 772/1276 (60.5%) | RR 0.88 (0.77 to 1.00) | 73 fewer per 1000 (from 0 fewer to 139 fewer) | Low |
 Primiparous and multiparous | 20 trials (24 comparisons) | 1355/2679 (50.6%) | 1639/2458 (66.7%) | RR 0.75 (0.65 to 0.86) | 167 fewer per 1000 (from 93 fewer to 233 fewer) | Low |
Number of women who stop exclusive breastfeeding before 6 months postpartum | ||||||
 Primiparous | 7 trials | 425/688 (61.8%) | 482/687 (70.2%) | RR 0.85 (0.75 to 0.97) | 105 fewer per 1000 (from 21 fewer to 175 fewer) | Moderate |
 Primiparous and multiparous | 23 trials (26 comparisons) | 3275/4598 (71.2%) | 3838/4364 (87.9%) | RR 0.81 (0.73 to 0.90) | 167 fewer per 1000 (from 88 fewer to 237 fewer) | Low |
Number of infants fed with bottles during the first 6 months postpartum | ||||||
 Primiparous | 2 trials | 59/127 (46.5%) | 67/104 (64.4%) | RR 0.67 (0.49 to 0.91) | 213 fewer per 1000 (from 58 fewer to 329 fewer) | Moderate |
 Primiparous and multiparous | 2 trials | 340/538 (63.2%) | 390/532 (73.3%) | RR 0.84 (0.71 to 1.00) | 117 fewer per 1000 (from 0 fewer to 213 fewer) | Moderate |