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Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the sample stratified by percentage of exclusively breastfed, predominantly breastfed, partially breastfed and non-breastfed

From: Uncovering the barriers to exclusive breastfeeding for mothers living in Dhaka’s slums: a mixed method study

 

n

Exclusively breastfed % (95% CI)

Predominantly breastfed % (95% CI)

Partially breastfed % (95% CI)

Non breastfed % (95% CI)

Infants characteristics

Infant’s age

 0–60 days

118

70.3(61.4,78)

13.6(8.4,21.1)

16.1(10.4,24)

0(0,0)

 61–120 days

107

29.9(21.9,39.4)

24.3(17,33.5)

42.1(32.9,51.7)

3.7(1.4,9.7)

 121–180 days

117

7.7(4,14.2)

28.2(20.7,37.2)

61.5(52.3,70)

2.6(0.8,7.8)

Gender

 Male

178

38.2(31.3,45.6)

23(17.4,29.9)

36(29.2,43.3)

2.8(1.2,6.6)

 Female

164

34.1(27.2,41.8)

20.7(15.2,27.7)

43.9(36.4,51.7)

1.2(0.3,4.8)

Birth order (Reference child)

 1st child

145

37.2(29.7,45.5)

26.2(19.6,34.1)

34.5(27.1,42.7)

2.1(0.7,6.3)

 2nd child or over

197

35.5(29.1,42.5)

18.8(13.9,24.9)

43.7(36.8,50.7)

2(0.8,5.3)

Immunization status (According to mothers’ response)

 Properly Immunized

263

29.3(24.1,35.1)

26.2(21.2,31.9)

42.2(36.3,48.3)

2.3(1,5)

 Not immunized

79

59.5(48.1,69.9)

7.6(3.4,16.1)

31.6(22.2,42.9)

1.3(0.2,8.8)

Maternal characteristics

Age

  <  18 years

21

38.1(19.1,61.7)

14.3(4.2,38.7)

47.6(26.3,69.8)

0(0,0)

  ≥ 18 years

321

36.1(31,41.6)

22.4(18.2,27.3)

39.3(34,44.7)

2.2(1,4.5)

Maternal education level

 No formal education

112

36.6(28.1,46)

20.5(14,29.2)

40.2(31.4,49.6)

2.7(0.9,8.1)

 Primary complete

147

33.3(26.1,41.4)

21.8(15.8,29.3)

42.9(35,51.1)

2(0.7,6.2)

 secondary or above

83

41(30.7,52)

24.1(16,34.7)

33.7(24.2,44.8)

1.2(0.2,8.4)

Maternal occupation

 Housewife

310

37.7(32.5,43.3)

22.9(18.5,27.9)

37.7(32.5,43.3)

1.6(0.7,3.8)

 Working mother

32

21.9(10.3,40.4)

12.5(4.50,30.2)

59.4(40.9,75.5)

6.3(1.4,23.2)

Maternal age at 1st pregnancy

  < 18 years

98

34.7(25.8,44.8)

18.4(11.8,27.5)

45.9(36.2,56)

1(0.1,7.1)

  ≥ 18 years

244

36.9(31,43.2)

23.4(18.4,29.1)

37.3(31.4,43.6)

2.5(1.1,5.4)

EBF planning during pregnancy

 planned

308

38.3(33,43.9)

20.5(16.3,25.4)

39.6(34.3,45.2)

1.6(0.7,3.9)

 not planned

34

17.6(7.8,35.2)

35.3(20.6,53.4)

41.2(25.4,59)

5.9(1.4,22)

Maternal depressive symptoms

 Absent

263

39.2(28.9,50.6)

17.7(10.7,28.0)

43(32.4,54.4)

0(0,0)

 Present

79

35.4(29.8,41.4)

23.2(18.5,28.7)

38.8(33,44.8)

2.7(1.3,5.5)

Antenatal care (ANC)

 No or < 4 ANC visits

106

28.3(20.4,37.8)

24.5(17.2,33.8)

44.3(35,54)

2.8(0.9,8.6)

 4 visits or more

236

39.8(33.7,46.3)

20.8(16,26.5)

37.7(31.7,44.1)

1.7(0.6,4.5)

Received postnatal care services

176

35.8(29,43.2)

21.6(16.1,28.4)

40.3(33.3,47.8)

2.3(0.8,6)

Place of delivery

 Home delivery

148

35.1(27.8,43.2)

25.0(18.6,32.7)

38.5(30.9,46.7)

1.4(0.3,5.3)

 Facility delivery

194

37.1(30.6,44.2)

19.6(14.6,25.8)

40.7(34,47.8)

2.6(1.1,6.1)

Delivery assisted by

 Trained professionals

246

37.4(31.5,43.7)

21.1(16.5,26.7)

39.4(33.5,45.7)

2(0.8,4.8)

 Traditional birth attendant

96

33.3(24.5,43.5)

24(16.4,33.7)

40.6(31.1,50.9)

2.1(0.5,8.1)

Mode of delivery

 Normal Vaginal Delivery (NVD)

256

37.5(31.7,43.6)

21.5(16.9,27)

39.1(33.2,45.2)

2(0.8,4.6)

 Cesarean Section

86

32.6(23.4,43.3)

23.3(15.4,33.5)

41.9(31.7,52.7)

2.3(0.6,9.1)

Maternal dietary diversity

  ≥ 5 food groups

164

41.5(34.1,49.2)

20.7(15.2,27.7)

36(28.9,43.7)

1.8(0.6,5.6)

  <  5 group

178

31.5(25,38.7)

23(17.4,29.9)

43.3(36.1,50.7)

2.2(0.8,5.9)

Maternal BMI

 Normal (18.5–24.9)

229

39.3(33.1,45.8)

22.3(17.3,28.2)

37.6(31.5,44.1)

0.9(0.2,3.5)

 Thin (< 18.5)

36

25(13.1,42.4)

11.1(4,27.1)

61.1(43.7,76.1)

2.8(0.4,18.7)

 Overweight or obese (>  25)

77

32.5(22.8,43.9)

26(17.2,37.1)

36.4(26.2,47.9)

5.2(1.9,13.3)

Early initiation of breastfeeding

  ≤ 1 h after birth

204

37.3(30.8,44.2)

20.6(15.5,26.7)

41.2(34.6,48.1)

1(0.2,3.9)

  > 1 h after birth

138

34.8(27.2,43.2)

23.9(17.5,31.8)

37.7(29.9,46.1)

3.6(1.5,8.5)

Prelacteal history

 No prelacteal given

156

43.6(35.9,51.6)

19.2(13.7,26.3)

35.3(28.1,43.2)

1.9(0.6,5.9)

 Gave prelacteal

186

30.1(23.9,37.1)

24.2(18.5,30.9)

43.5(36.5,50.8)

2.2(0.8,5.6)

Household characteristics

Household income

  < 10,000

81

27.2(18.4,38.1)

25.9(17.4,36.8)

43.2(32.7,54.4)

3.7(1.2,11.1)

 10,000 to < 20,000

186

38.2(31.4,45.4)

23.1(17.6,29.8)

37.1(30.4,44.3)

1.6(0.5,4.9)

  > 20,000

75

41.3(30.6,53)

14.7(8.2,24.9)

42.7(31.8,54.3)

1.3(0.2,9.2)

Household head

 Female head

42

31(18.5,47)

16.7(7.9,31.8)

47.6(32.6,63.1)

4.8(1.1,18)

 Male head

300

37(31.7,42.6)

22.7(18.3,27.8)

38.7(33.3,44.3)

1.7(0.7,4)

Household food consumption score

 Acceptable high consumption (>  52)

274

35.4(29.9,41.3)

21.9(17.4,27.2)

40.5(34.8,46.5)

2.2(1,4.8)

 Acceptable food consumption (42–52)

44

47.7(33,62.8)

18.2(9.1,33)

34.1(21.3,49.7)

0(0,0)

 Poor or borderline food consumption (≤ 42)

24

25(11,47.4)

29.2(13.7,51.5)

41.7(22.9,63.1)

4.2(0.5,27.4)

Toilet facility

 Improved facility

198

34.8(28.5,41.8)

22.2(16.9,28.6)

41.9(35.2,49)

1(0.2,4)

 Non improved facility

144

38.2(30.5,46.5)

21.5(15.5,29.1)

36.8(29.2,45.1)

3.5(1.4,8.2)

 OVERALL

342

36.3(31.3,41.5)

21.9(17.8,26.7)

39.8(34.7,45.1)

2.1(1,4.3)

  1. CI Confidence Interval