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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of covariates of breastfeeding 5 to 9 weeks postpartum

From: Investigating factors associated with success of breastfeeding in first-time mothers undergoing epidural analgesia: a prospective cohort study

Characteristics

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

P – value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

P – value

Age (years)

1.036 (0.975, 1.102)

0.2545

  

Mode of delivery (Ref: Normal vaginal delivery)

 

0.2180+

  

 Instrument-assisted delivery

0.618 (0.338, 1.132)

0.0872

  

 Emergency Caesarean Section

1.136 (0.508, 2.541)

0.3528

  

Race (Ref: Chinese)

 

0.0217+

 

0.0052+

 Indian

0.727 (0.276, 1.920)

 

0.557 (0.203, 1.528)

0.7416

 Malay

0.353 (0.176, 0.708)

 

0.294 (0.140, 0.618)

0.0668

 Others

0.496 (0.226, 1.089)

 

0.362 (0.157, 0.833)

0.3129

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory

 At baseline

  State anxiety score

0.977 (0.951, 1.004)

0.1002

0.968 (0.940, 0.997)

0.0304

  Trait anxiety score

0.973 (0.935, 1.011)

0.1628

  

  Total score

0.985 (0.969, 1.003)

0.0977

  

 At 5–9 weeks postpartum

  State anxiety score

0.993 (0.964, 1.022)

0.6244

  

  Trait anxiety score

0.982 (0.948, 1.018)

0.3180

  

  Total score

0.994 (0.977, 1.010)

0.4501

  

 Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale

  At baseline

0.961 (0.902, 1.025)

0.2306

  

  At 5–9 weeks postpartum

0.966 (0.905, 1.031)

0.3002

  

Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire

0.996 (0.988, 1.003)

0.2472

  

Perceived Stress Scale

0.985 (0.929, 1.044)

0.6133

  

Pain Catastrophizing Scale

 Rumination score

0.977 (0.919, 1.039)

0.4576

  

 Magnification score

0.907 (0.830, 0.992)

0.0332

  

 Helplessness score

0.982 (0.940, 1.025)

0.4010

  

 Total score

0.989 (0.968, 1.010)

0.2896

  

Complications experienced intrapartum (Ref: No)

 Premature rupture of membranes

0.592 (0.303, 1.155)

0.1243

  

 Maternal pyrexia

0.808 (0.450, 1.449)

0.4742

  

 Non-reassuring fetal status

1.395 (0.516, 3.774)

0.5115

  

 Failure to progress

0.565 (0.278, 1.149)

0.1150

  

Intrapartum blood loss per 100 ml

0.789 (0.646, 0.962)

0.0191

0.756 (0.614, 0.930)

0.0081

Occurrence of fetal anomalies (Ref: No)

0.179 (0.039, 0.820)

0.0267

0.148 (0.030, 0.722)

0.0182

Use of support services on breastfeeding

 Help from lactation consultant during hospital stay (Ref: No)

1.772 (0.977, 3.214)

0.0596

  

 Help from ward nurse during hospital stay (Ref: No)

1.304 (0.666, 2.553)

0.4382

  

 Attended lactation clinic (Ref: No)

3.105 (0.397, 24.306)

0.2804

  

 Contacted hospital helpline (Ref: No)

0.620 (0.118, 3.266)

0.5725

  

 Did you receive any of these support services on breastfeeding or giving breast milk to your baby? (Ref: No)

3.160 (1.217, 8.207)

0.0181

3.304 (1.210, 9.020)

0.0197

Satisfaction with birth experience (Ref: Satisfied)

 

0.3410+

  

 Extremely satisfied

0.970 (0.449, 2.092)

0.5452

  

 Very satisfied

1.106 (0.575, 2.127)

0.2763

  

 Unsatisfied

1.608 (0.448, 5.773)

0.1800

  

 Very unsatisfied

0.169 (0.027, 1.057)

0.0406

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