Factors associated with intention to exclusive breastfeed in central women’s hospital, Yangon, Myanmar

Hmone, Myat Pan; Li, Mu; Agho, Kingsley; Alam, Ashraful; Dibley, Michael J.

doi:10.1186/s13006-017-0120-2

International Breastfeeding Journal

Table 1 Influence of individual, household and other breastfeeding related characteristics on women’s intention to breastfeed exclusively

From: Factors associated with intention to exclusive breastfeed in central women’s hospital, Yangon, Myanmar

Intention to breastfeed exclusively
Variable	%	Number^a	95% CI	P
Pregnant women’s characteristics
Age (years)
15–24	65.3	62	[55.14,74.17]	0.997
25–34	64.3	128	[57.39,70.70]
35+	64.4	38	[51.44,75.56]
Ethnicity
Bamar	62.1	187	[56.49,67.46]	0.020*
Others	78.9	41	[65.63,87.92]
Husbands’ characteristics
Age (years)
15–24	65.9	27	[50.20,78.67]	0.621
25–34	62.4	123	[55.44,68.95]
35+	67.8	78	[58.73,75.75]
Ethnicity
Bamar	62.1	190	[56.50,67.38]	0.012*
Others	80.9	38	[67.05,89.76]
Economic factors
Women’s education
Primary	66.7	10	[40.48,85.47]	0.518
Secondary	62.5	145	[56.06,68.52]
University	68.9	73	[59.41,76.98]
Women’s occupation
Non-working	70.0	177	[64.00,75.32]	<0.001***
Working	51.0	51	[41.24,60.68]
Husbands’ education
Primary	57.5	23	[41.88,71.75]	0.317
Secondary	63.5	141	[56.95,69.61]
University	70.3	64	[60.13,78.84]
Husbands’ occupation
Non-working	100.0	2		0.293
Working	64.3	226	[59.21,69.25]
Household wealth index
Poor	56.3	80	[48.04,64.29]	0.006**
Middle	66.4	99	[58.45,73.59]
Rich	79.0	49	[67.09,87.45]
Pregnancy and breastfeeding history
Age of marriage
15–24	65.1	134	[58.26,71.28]	0.800
25–34	63.2	86	[54.79,70.94]
35+	72.7	8	[41.28,91.00]
Previous birth history
Yes	64.0	89	[55.69,71.60]	0.859
No	65.0	139	[58.29,71.08]
Previous breastfeeding history
Yes	63.9	85	[55.31,71.70]	0.89
No	66.7	4	[26.4,91.77]
Breastfeeding knowledge level^b
Low	15.2	5	[6.42,31.72]	<0.001***
Medium	48.2	41	[37.80,58.83]
High	77.5	182	[71.63,82.36]
Breastfeeding knowledge sources
Mothers and mother-in laws
No	66.9	95	[58.72,74.17]	0.457
Yes	63.0	133	[56.29,69.31]
Elders
No	67.4	87	[58.86,74.99]	0.396
Yes	63.0	141	[56.40,69.05]
Relatives
No	68.1	192	[62.39,73.29]	0.006**
Yes	50.71	36	[39.19,62.14]
Colleagues/friends
No	67.0	132	[60.11,73.24]	0.287
Yes	61.5	96	[53.64,68.87]
Health staff
No	53.0	107	[46.04,59.79]	<0.001***
Printed media
No	56.0	135	[49.66,62.19]	<0.001***
Yes	83.0	93	[74.88,88.93]
Mobile internet
No	45.3	77	[37.94,52.86]	<0.001***
Yes	82.5	151	[76.28,87.38]
Breastfeeding self-efficacy scale^c
Low	47.8	22	[33.89,62.11]	0.011*
High	67.1	206	[61.62,72.15]

^aNumber of pregnant women who had intention to exclusive breastfeeding (n = 222 out of 353 women)
^bBreastfeeding knowledge, such as knowledge on breastmilk benefits, colostrum and recommended duration, was assessed by 9 questions and for each question, women received 0 for the wrong response and 1 for correct answer. Knowledge levels were categorized into Low (score 1–3), Medium (score 4–6) and High (score 7–9)
^cMeasuring breastfeeding self-efficacy with 33 items. Total scores range from 33 to 165, with higher scores indicating higher levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy. Scores levels were categorized into Low (score 1–82), and High (score 83–165)
CI, confidence interval
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 by chi-squared test

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