Table 1 Participant characteristics by site

Infant gender, (% male)

142

55.0

92

48.7

113

58.3

Birth weight, (%)

Low birth weight (<2.5Kg)

21

8.1

6

3.2

11

5.7

Normal birth weight (2.5- < 4Kg)

219

84.9

134

70.9

172

88.7

Macrosomia (≥4Kg)

11

4.3

16

8.5

7

3.6

Missing

7

2.7

33

17.5

4

2.1

Maternal age (y), %

15–25

160

62.0

122

64.6

134

69.1

26–44

98

37.9

67

35.5

60

30.9

Parity, %

Primipara

126

48.8

78

41.3

114

41.2

Multipara

132

51.2

111

58.7

80

41.2

Maternal education (grade), %

0–7

28

10.9

37

19.6

9

4.5

8–10

117

45.4

108

57.1

53

27.3

11–12

109

42.3

44

23.3

114

588

>12

4

1.6

0

0

18

9.3

Delivery mode, %

Vaginal

217

84.1

148

78.3

116

59.8

C-section

37

14.3

26

13.8

74

38.1

Missing

4

1.6

15

7.9

4

2.1