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Table 6 Late initiation of breastfeeding (after 12 hours) by sociodemographic characteristics, categorical data presented

From: Early infant feeding practices in three African countries: the PROMISE-EBF trial promoting exclusive breastfeeding by peer counsellors

Categorical variables1

Burkina Faso

Uganda

South Africa

 

Late BF

c PR

a PR

Late BF

c PR

a PR

Late BF

c PR

a PR

Antenatal care

n/N (%)

  

n/N (%)

  

n/N (%)

  

 No

130/221 (58.8)

1

1

26/182 (14.3)

1

 

5/16 (31.3)

1

 

 Yes

277/569 (48.7)

0.83 (0.68, 1.01)

0.89 (0.71, 1.11)

74/546 (13.6)

0.95 (0.59, 1.53)

 

222/997 (22.3)

0.71 (0.30, 1.72)

 

Facility delivery

         

 No

226/418 (54.1)

1

1

35/324 (10.8)

1

 

16/52 (30.8)

1

1

 Yes

130/324 (40.1)

0.74 (0.59, 0.93)

0.76 (0.61, 0.95)

43/408 (10.5)

0.97 (0.66, 1.44)

 

172/923 (18.6)

0.61 (0.38, 0.97)

0.43 (0.27, 0.68)

C. section/complicated delivery

         

 No

353/735 (48.0)

1

 

66/709 (9.3)

1

1

116/753 (15.4)

1

1

 Yes

55/59 (93.2)

1.94 (1.61, 2.34)

 

42/56 (75.0)

8.06 (5.86, 11.08)

6.90 (5.17, 9.22)

113/267 (42.3)

2.75 (2.08, 3.62)

2.29 (1.70, 3.10)

Parity

         

 Primipara

68/129 (52.7)

1

 

29/166 (17.5)

1

 

127/508 (25.0)

1

1

 Multipara

340/664 (51.2)

0.97 (0.80, 1.18)

 

77/592 (13.0)

0.74 (0.53, 1.04)

 

102/512 (19.9)

0.80 (0.64, 0.99)

0.71 (0.54, 0.93)

Sex of child, girl

         

 Boy

214/406 (52.7)

1

 

55/387 (14.2)

1

 

102/498 (20.5)

1

 

 Girl

194/387 (50.1)

0.95 (0.83, 1.10)

 

50/375 (13.3)

0.94 (0.59, 1.49)

 

118/512 (23.1)

1.13 (0.88, 1.45)

 

Top 40% on wealth index

         

 No

238/478 (49.8)

1

1

76/461 (16.5)

1

1

134/586 (22.9)

1

1

 Yes

170/315 (54.0)

1.08 (0.96, 1.23)

1.06 (0.93, 1.23)

32/304 (10.5)

0.64 (0.42, 0.97)

0.78 (0.62, 0.99)

95/434 (21.9)

0.96 (0.70, 1.31)

0.92 (0.67, 1.26)

Trial arm allocation

         

 Control

223/402 (55.5)

1

1

72/369 (19.5)

1

1

109/485 (22.5)

1

1

 Intervention

185/392 (47.2)

0.85 (0.65, 1.12)

1.01 (0.68, 1.51)

36/396 (9.1)

0.47 (0.34, 0.63)

0.59 (0.46, 0.76)

120/535 (22.4)

1.00 (0.65, 1.53)

1.01 (0.69, 1.50)

  1. 1The following went into the adjusted model: Burkina Faso: Intervention, birthplace, socio, economic and antenatal care; Uganda Intervention, delivery and socio,economic; and South Africa: Intervention, birthplace, delivery, parity and socio, economic demographics.
  2. cPR: crude Prevalence Ratios, aPR: adjusted Prevalence Ratios.