Table 2 Characteristics of the three included studies
From: The impact of cosmetic breast implants on breastfeeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author, year | Location | Study period | Study design | Study population | Cases | Controls | Data source | Outcomes, NOS Score and LOE rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hurst [20] | Texas, U.S.A. Lactation support program in a single children’s hospital | 1990-1995 | Retrospective cohort study | 5066 mothers of babies who were admitted or referred (~15% from primary care) to a tertiary children’s hospital lactation program | 42 women with implants who attempted breastfeeding | 42 women without implants who attempted breastfeeding (matched on year, lactation course, age, parity and breastfeeding experience) | Lactation follow-up records, documenting breastfeeding progress weekly during infant’s hospitalization and every other week after discharge (by phone), until 2-3 months postpartum or until breastfeeding ceased | Exclusive breast milk feeding or insufficient breastfeeding (defined as little or no lactogenesis or low infant growth with exclusive breastfeeding) |
NOS =5 | ||||||||
LOE = III-2 | ||||||||
Andrade [18] | Brazil, single maternity hospital | 2004-2005 | Cohort study | Women giving birth at the hospital and who attempted breastfeeding | 24 women with implants | 25 women without implants, selected from same floor as cases | Assessment at home | Exclusive and nonexclusive breastfeeding at 1Â month |
NOS =6 | ||||||||
LOE = III-2 | ||||||||
Cruz and Korchin [19] | Puerto Rico. Presumably a single plastic surgery clinic | 12 month period, year not reported | Retrospective cohort study | 18-40 year old women with small breasts who were evaluated for possible breast augmentation | 105 women with saline implants who subsequently had children | 107 women who had children prior to evaluation for implants | Self-administered questionnaire at initial consultation (controls) or at regular follow-up visit (cases) | Attempted breastfeeding; successful breastfeeding for ≥2 weeks, including exclusive and non-exclusive breastfeeding |
NOS =4 | ||||||||
LOE = III-3 |