Table 1 Characteristics of mothers and newborns
Characteristics | Frequency | n |
|---|---|---|
Maternal age (years) [+/- SD(range)] | 32 +/- 4.3 (22-45) | 106 |
Committed relationship (%) | 108 (100) | 108 |
Completed post-secondary education (%) | 88 (81) | 108 |
Family income > 70 K (CAN) (%) | 90 (83) | 107 |
Never smoked (%) | 93 (86) | 108 |
Primiparous women (%) | 46 (42) | 108 |
Multiparous women's years of breastfeeding experience - all children [median (range)] | 1 year (0.10-5.30) | 108 |
Decided to breastfeed before pregnant (%) | 97 (92) | 106 |
Plan to exclusively breastfeed for 6 months (%) | 84 (83) | 101 |
Planned to breastfeed for 1 year or more (%) | 78 (76) | 102 |
Gestation (weeks) [+/- SD(range)] | 39.8 +/- 1.2 (37-42) | 109 |
Care at birth (%) | Â | Â |
Obstetrician | 89 (82) | Â |
Family physician | 13 (12) | 109 |
Midwife | 7 (6) | Â |
Birth type (%) | Â | Â |
Vaginal | 82 (75) | Â |
Planned caesarean | 13 (12) | 109 |
Unplanned caesarean | 14 (13) | Â |
Intravenous inserted before birth (%) | 80 (78) | 102 |
Epidural for vaginal birth (%) n = 82 | 52 (63) | 108 |
Oxytocin for induction or augmentation (%) | 50 (46) | 109 |
Late onset of lactogenesis II [> 72 hours] (%) | 43 (41) | 104 |
Newborn sex (%) | Â | Â |
Female | 55 (51) | 109 |
Male | 54 (49) | Â |
Newborn birth weight (grams) [+/- SD(range)] | 3619 +/- 502 (2185-4707) | 108 |
Supplemented in hospital (%) | 28 (27) | 104 |
Treated for jaundice (%) | 11 (10) | 109 |
Feeding categories at 2 weeks (%) | Â | Â |
Exclusively breastfed (breast milk from birth) | 67 (62) | Â |
Totally breastfed (no supplements in Week 2) | 15 (14) | 108 |
Predominant breast milk (1-2 supps/day in Week 2) | 14 (13) | Â |
Partial or no breast milk (> 2 supps/day in Week 2) | 12 (11) | Â |